ABSTRACT
Background: Growth monitoring (GM) is a strategy that enables early identification and timely intervention in children who are not growing according to the expected pattern through periodic measurement of some growth indicators preferably weight. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of growth monitoring among mothers and other caregivers in healthcare facilities in Bayelsa State. Materials and methods: The study was a descriptive, cross-sectional design involving 313 caregiver-child pairs recruited from selected health facilities in Bayelsa State. Data were analysed using IBM Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 25.0 Armonk, NY. Results: Questionnaires from 313 caregiver–child pairs were analysed, 97.8% of the responders were mothers to the children they brought, and 51.1% of them were aged 28-37 years. Majority 140 (44.7%) of the respondents were from a low socioeconomic class. Two hundred and forty-eight of the children (79.2%) were aged 0-11 months, 52.1% were males, and 47.9% were females. Eighty-three responders (25.6%) demonstrated good knowledge of GM with scores of ≥75%, 132(42.2%) had poor knowledge score of < 50%, while 98(31.3%) had fair knowledge scores of 50% - < 75%. The growth chart appreciation scores were also unsatisfactory as 75.4% (236/313) of the study population showed poor appreciation of the chart, 11.5% (36/313) fair and 13.1% (41/313) good appreciation. Only 47 respondents (15%) had ever been taught how to use the growth chart and 76.6% of these were taught by nurses. Average scores for good, fair and poor attitudes were 39.3%, 59.7% and 1% respectively. On Utilisation, 308(98.4%) children had the Road to Health cards but the rate of appropriate Utilisation of Growth Monitoring in this study was 25.6% as only 80 children had ≥ 75% of their weights duly charted according to their ages. Conclusion: Knowledge of child health cards and their utilisation by caregivers in Bayelsa State .....

ABSTRACT
Background: Autoimmune blistering disorders are a group of rare skin diseases. They develop when your body's mucous membranes the lining of your mouth, nose, and other cavities and skin are attacked by your immune system. Blisters grow as a result of this. Objective: The main goal of this study is to determine the diagnosis and treatment methods of the autoimmune blistering diseases in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a total of 260 patients from January 2021 to December 2021 in 250 Bedded General hospital, Jamalpur, Bangladesh. Results: In our study, 55% patients were male and 45% patients were female. Maximum patients (19.6%) were between 30 to 39 years of age group. Minimum number of patients (13.2%) were between 20 to 29 of age group. Maximum patients (75) had pemphigus vulggaris and minimum number of patients (15) had pemphigus foliaceus. Maximum patients were treated with steroids (51) and azathioprine (53). Minimum number of patients (10) were treated with cyclosporine. Side effects like (Cushing syndrome, Growth retardation, Osteoporosis) were observed in patients treated with steroids (6), Neutropenic sepsis (4) in Rituximab, Hemolytic anemia (3) in Dapsone and Nausea (4) in Azathioprine. 141 patients had complete remission off therapy and 119 patients had partial remission on therapy. Conclusion: As the population ages, more people will eventually require treatment for autoimmune skin illnesses that cause blistering. Rituximab, infliximab, etanercept, leflunomide, doxycycline, omalizumab, and immunoadsorption are currently being explored in controlled prospective trials since there is an urgent need for specific and well-tolerated medicines. Prospective, controlled trials are still needed to verify the effectiveness of the present treatments.

ABSTRACT
Dyskeratosis congenita is a rare genodermatosis, which is characterized by triad of skin pigmentation, nail dystrophy and leukoplakic lesion in the oral cavity. The purpose of reporting this case with review of recent literature is to create better awareness about the multisystem manifestations of this fatal condition that can aid clinicians in early diagnosis. A case of 12 year old female is reported presenting with classical triad of lesions with briefly review of literature.

ABSTRACT
Three in every four children has confronted child abuse of one kind or another, and the past few decades have shown a tremendous rise in the tally of such incidents. The most common type of child abuse includes physical, mental, emotional, and psychological abuse. There has been a rapid breakthrough in artificial intelligence technology in recent years, and it has also spread its branches in the field of Forensic Odontology. Forensic Odontologists have significantly used AI technology to decipher bite marks and mandibular morphology and estimate age. Pediatric Forensic Odontology presents significant challenges and opportunities for applying AI. In this article, we discuss the application of AI, particularly concerning recognizing signs of child abuse in head and neck structures. Sixteen papers were selected, keeping their practical relevance in the steps of diagnosis of child abuse in mind. Dental forensic experts should consider an advanced diagnosis of child abuse as it could considerably allow the identification of child abuse cases and early intervention.

ABSTRACT
Ovarian masses are rare in young girls. They are mainly represented for functional cysts and benign tumors, the most common of which is mature ovarian teratoma. The early diagnosis of an ovarian teratoma is not easy and is often late. We present the case of a mature ovarian teratoma diagnosed in a 14-year-old girl. His management consisted of a right adnexectomy. The postoperative course was simple.

ABSTRACT
Objective: The study aims to understand the various crisis interventions implemented by HCWs and non-skilled workers in society during outbreaks of immediate public concern. The primary diseases utilised for the study include COVID-19, MERS, SARS, Ebola, and Influenza. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to identify the papers and write the systematic literature review (SLR). Medline, Pubmed, PsychInfo, and Cochrane databases were used for searching the papers. Results: This systematic literature review observed that few countries employed psychological interventions for HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many stress, trauma, and anxiety are associated with pandemic or epidemic outbreaks in HCWs and other non-skilled workers. This needs to be addressed extensively for successful implementation. Conclusion: Crisis-based interventions which address psychological trauma are lacking in many countries though there have been significant outbreaks of pandemics. Various organisations must commit more effectively by setting up committees and making appropriate frameworks for implementing resilience measures, mind-based interventions, and coping strategies for effectively encountering pandemic disease outbreaks.

ABSTRACT
Scrotal elephantiasis (scrotal lymphoedema) is defined as an increase in scrotal volume that can reach a very large size. It has functional (burying of the penis), aesthetic and psychological repercussions. This is an extreme feature of lymphatic filariasis, which is mainly seen in endemic filarial areas. Outside these areas, this condition is rare and is usually idiopathic, rarely congenital. We report a case of scrotal elephantiasis treated by wide excision of the pathological scrotal wall and scrotal plasty, with a good functional and aesthetic result.