ABSTRACT
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired disorder of hematopoietic stem cells. Misdiagnosed, patients suffer from true errancy of diagnosis mainly because of the large range of bio-clinical presentations. The following case of a 40-year-old male who went from an unexplored anemia to a falsely diagnosed systemic lupus then an Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) that required some dialysis sessions and later a kidney biopsy which the results threw us off track, highlights that exact problematic and showcases the accuracy and the simplicity of the test once the hypothesis strikes mind: The flow cytometry. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria must be evoked when there is a refractory anemia, a Coombs (-) anemia, thrombosis with hemolysis or cytopenia. The flow cytometry is considered the gold standard diagnostic tool.

ABSTRACT
Hypertension is an important risk factor for the development of numerous cardiovascular diseases. The prevention of hypertension is vital in the reduction of cardiovascular disease mortality and associated morbidities. Numerous studies have focused in the prevalence of hypertension and the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in Nigeria. However, this study investigated the knowledge of women in hypertension, perceived severity of hypertension and barriers towards engaging in hypertension prevention practices so as to establish key areas to focus public health promotion activities. This study was a cross sectional quantitative research carried out to investigate the pyschocognitive determinants of hypertension prevention practices among women residing in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo state in Southwest Nigeria. A total of 370 consenting women were recruited into the study using a multi-stage sampling technique and data was collected using the aid of an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Majority of study participants (74.9%) demonstrated fair knowledge of risk factors for hypertension while many participants (65.4%) had good knowledge of prevention practices for hypertension, with an overall mean knowledge score of 12.39±2.37 on a 24-point scale. Many participants (59.2%) had positive perception of severity of hypertension with a mean perception score of 23.80±2.814 on a 27-point scale. The most reported barrier towards engaging in hypertension prevention practices among participants was financial constraint in maintaining healthy eating habits. Furthermore, there is a significant association between participants’ level of education and their knowledge of hypertension. There is also a significant association between barriers towards hypertension prevention such as lack of awareness from media sources, financial constraint and knowledge of hypertension. The knowledge of hypertension among women in Akinyele Local Government Area ........

ABSTRACT
This prospective observational study was carried out to compare the symptomatic response and acceptable toxicity in concurrent chemo-radiotherapy and radiotherapy alone in the treatment of cervical cancer. A total of 60 patients (30 patients in arm A & 30 patients in arm B) who have biopsy proven cervical carcinoma with no history of previous treatment were selected from the Department of radiotherapy Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi & in the department of Radiation & Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital. All patients in both arms received external beam radiation with 50Gy in 25 daily fractions over five weeks. Followed by three insertions (one insertion per week) of Intracavitary brachytherapy each 700 cGy. Patients in arm-A received Inj. Cisplatin 40mg/m2 in IV infusion on the first day of each treatment per week in addition to radiotherapy. In this study it was observed that a significant symptomatic improvement was found in arm-A after treatment than arm-B and no severe unwanted reaction was noted in most of the patients. Systematic toxicity developed in both groups and comparatively more in arm-A (chemo radiation) but that was not statistically significant and well managed with conservative treatment. Regarding performance status patients treated with concurrent chemo radiation showed better performance status than the patient treated with radiotherapy alone. In this study it was observed that patients of carcinoma cervix treated with concurrent chemo radiotherapy was effective for symptomatic improvement and feasible with acceptable toxicity for advanced cancer of the uterine cervix than those with radiation alone.

ABSTRACT
Erectile dysfunction is a prevalent urological problem affecting 3%-76.5% of men globally, yet its prevalence and associated factors in Zambia remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of erectile dysfunction and associated factors among adults accessing services at Ndola Teaching Hospital from 2017 to 2022. This retrospective cross-sectional study involved 500 male patients from 2017 to 2022, both with and without erectile dysfunction. The study used Stata/SE version 17 for univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses, with a p-value of <0.05 indicating statistical significance. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction was found to be 34.7%. Formal employment (AOR 0.38; 95% CI: [0.15 – 0.94], p = 0.037), married (AOR 0.35; 95% CI: [0.13 – 0.95], p = 0.039), single (AOR 0.09; 95% CI: [0.02 – 0.35], p = 0.001), and widowed (AOR 0.03; 95% CI: [0.01 – 0.13], p < 0.001) were associated with a reduced risk of developing erectile dysfunction. Drinking alcohol (AOR 8.50; 95% CI: [3.98 – 18.16], p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (AOR 34.3; 95% CI: [13.75 – 85.60], p < 0.001), hypertension (AOR 3.90; 95% CI: [1.77 – 8.59], p = 0.001), anti-depressants (AOR 17.2; 95% CI: [6.18 – 47.92], p < and Obesity (AOR 28.8; 95% CI: [2.42 – 343.99], p = 0.008) were associated with increased risk of developing erectile dysfunction. The study revealed that erectile dysfunction is a prevalent problem among men, with several risk factors identified, emphasizing the need to address these to prevent and effectively treat the condition.

ABSTRACT
The study aimed at investigating the occurrence of preeclampsia and its preventive strategies among pregnant women attending Adeoyo Maternity Hospital. Yemetu, Ibadan, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted using a systematic random sampling technique to select 400 consenting respondents from the antenatal clinic records of the hospital. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to elicit information on respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, Preventive Strategies against Pre-eclampsia (PSP) such as place of care, resting techniques and social habits using 30-point PSP scale. Preventive strategies score ≤ 15, >15 were categorised as poor, and good respectively. Blood pressure measurements taken with readings greater than 140/90 mmHg were considered to be elevated. Four Focus Group Discussion (FGD) sessions were conducted using an FGD guide. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test at p=0.05, while qualitative data were analysed using thematic approach. Incidence of elevated blood pressure was 4.5%. Twenty-one percent mentioned that they had experienced swelling of the feet, ankle, hand and face, while 8.5% had tested positive to protein in the urine during pregnancy. Few (0.8%) had experienced pre-eclampsia in their earlier pregnancy and had their deliveries through caesarean section. Many of the respondents had good preventive strategies (95.3%) while 4.7% had poor preventive strategies respectively. The hospital (92.4%) topped the list of places where respondents sought care whenever they experienced symptoms suggestive of pre-eclampsia, while 6.5% reported they rested at home. Routine clinical examination is recommended for early detection to curb the prevalence of preeclampsia among pregnant women while uptake of preventive strategies is hereby advocated.

ABSTRACT
Background: Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), a major cause of men`s morbidity, is positively related to obesity, which is assessed using anthropometric measurements. Despite the scarcity of local literature on this relationship, varying associations between prostate volume (PV), age, and anthropometric parameters have been reported. Objectives: To ascertain the average BPH volume, the predominant age at risk for BPH, and any correlations between PV and anthropometric measurements in our community. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted on 125 men aged 40–80years, with normal prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) levels, at the Radiology department, Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, from May 2023 to May, 2024. PV was calculated by transabdominal ultrasonography. Anthropometric measurements were made using set procedures, from which the body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHTR) were computed. The data was analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel with P value < 0.05. Results: The mean age and PV of participants was 61.6±9.5years and 74.2±52.5ml, respectively with majority, 41 (32.8%) of men in their seventh decade of life. Age and PV did not statistically significantly correlate (P = 0.159); however, BMI, HC, WC and WHTR did (P = 0.000, 0.002, 0.006, and 0.014). Conclusion: The mean sonographic PV was 74.2±52.5ml, with men in their seventh decade being the most at risk for BPH. PV exhibited a statistically significant correlation with some anthropometric parameters but not with respondents' age. The equations and models generated from this study will benefit future research on prostatic growth and early detection of BPH.

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Retroplacental hematoma is a significant cause of maternal death in developing countries. The objective of this study was to study the retroplacental hematoma at the reference health center (CSRef) of commune V of the district of Bamako. Patients and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the gynaecological and obstetrics department of the CSRéf of commune V in the district of Bamako. It involved 117 cases of retroplacental hematoma. Data entry and analysis were carried out on the Epi info software version 6.2. Results: Our study found that the frequency of retroplacental hematoma was 1.44%. The preferred age was 20 to 34 years (76.3%). Large multiparous women were the most affected (38.1%) and 6.2% of patients had a history of HRP. Caesarean section was the most commonly used route of delivery (82.9%) and the fetal prognosis was very poor (64% of fresh stillbirths). Postoperative complications were dominated by anaemia (81.4%). Conclusion: Retroplacental hematoma is a worrying pathology because of its maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.