Latest Articles
ABSTRACT
This paper is based on a literature review on caregiver burden, quality of life family caregivers, and how to improve the quality of life of family caregivers for the person with mental illness. Studies have shown that caregivers of people with mental illness experience an enormous burden while providing care for their relatives with mental illness. This burden often leads to psychological distress and a high prevalence of psychological morbidity among family caregivers. Various factors influence the burden experienced by caregivers of individuals with mental illness. Studies have identified several key factors that contribute to caregiver burden, shedding light on the complex interplay of elements that impact the well-being of caregivers. To maintain and improve the quality of life the prevention and treatment of caregiver burden for persons with mental illness can be addressed through various strategies and interventions.
Original Research Article
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The rise of deviant teenage behavior arouses emotions to learn from events. The wrong path chosen results in subsequent suffering. immediately realizing mistakes and learning from mistakes is necessary for future life improvement. Method: The historical method consists of four stages, namely heuristics, external criticism and internal criticism, interpretation, and historiography of a person's life beyond a very long period of events from the research subject so that it can be analyzed in the context of behavioral data that needs attention. Discussion: If you find teenagers who are lazy about school and often go out with the opposite sex when asking to get married, they should just marry them so they don't get into adultery and illicit relationships. Conclution: If teenagers who are starting to get to know the opposite sex don't want to go to school and have difficulty being motivated to go to school, it's better to just get married.
Original Research Article
ABSTRACT
The study examined the impact of counseling measurements models for safety in school and other contexts in University of Cross River University (UNICROSS), Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study adopted the ex-post facto research design. The population of the study consisted of 3,800 students and staff of the University within Calabar campus. The stratified random sampling technique was used to select 208 students and staff from a population of 3800 using proportionality of 1.12% with students and staff as basis of stratification from the population. The sample of this study was two hundred and eight (208) respondents. The questionnaire was designed to measure the two sub-independent variables. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while Simple linear regression analysis statistical tool was employed to test the null hypotheses that were formulated to guild the study at 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that, there is a significant influence of counseling measurements models on safety in school and other contexts in University of Cross River University (UNICROSS), Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria; and Counseling measurements models significantly predict accurate decision making in school and other contexts. It was therefore recommended among others that counseling measurements should be carried out after every counseling session for accurate decision making to ensure safety in school and other contexts.
ABSTRACT
Tanzania lags behind in the course of ending stigma and discrimination against persons born with intersex variations. To date, the Tanzania Government has not enacted any law outlawing cosmetic surgeries, stigma and discrimination against persons born with intersex variations as per demands and calls from, among others, The First African Intersex Meeting, 2017 and The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, 2023. Undoubtedly, this legal/policy silence is not at all unprejudiced. It facilitates harmful practices to take place unnoticed and uncontrolled. Primary and specialized healthcare providers, parents, traditional and religious leaders, therefore, continue performing harmful normalization surgeries and treatment, tradition-led mutilations and killings of infants and children born with intersex variations. In this context, I use scanty evidence available in the country and experience from other parts of the globe to highlight on what parents, guardians and communities should know and do to care and protect infants and children born with intersex variations’ human and citizenship rights in Tanzania. I recommend parents, guardians and community members to better understand who infants and children born with intersex variations are and their (health) needs. Intersex variations are not disorders requiring immediate or emergency (medical) interventions. ‘Normalization’ surgeries should wait until the children are mature enough to make informed consent to alter their physical appearances. Whenever possible, parents and guardians should seek, share support and correct intersex information from parents/guardians with similar experiences and adult persons born with intersex variations, media, internet and intersex-led groups and organizations and institutions within and outside Tanzania. Importantly, parents, guardians, persons born with intersex variations, intersex movements, activists and persons born with intersex variations-led organizations should ........
Original Research Article
ABSTRACT
This study was to determine the Psychometric analysis of personal anxiety and students’ academic achievement in Universities in Cross River State, Nigeria. Two research questions and hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The population of this study comprises 350 year one students from three universities in Cross River State. The sampling technique employed by the researcher in the selection of the sample was the simple random sampling technique. The sample size selected for this study was 225 year one students in selected schools which represents 5 percent of the accessible population comprising of 127 males and 98 females. The questionnaire was designed to measure the two sub-independent variables. The reliability of the instrument was 0.76 reliability coefficient. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while Simple linear regression analysis statistical tool was used to test the research hypotheses that were formulated to guild the study at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study show that there is a significant influence of freshmen’s adaptation to social activities in tertiary institution on their manifest anxiety and there is a significant freshmen’s adaptation to social relationship in tertiary institution predicts their manifest anxiety. Based on the findings, it was recommended that university management should formulate educational policies the will help in addressing problems of freshmen in schools such as problem of participation in social activities and participation in social relationship.
Original Research Article
ABSTRACT
The study sought to investigate the implications of female teenage marriages on human rights violation in Mt Darwin District of Mashonaland Central Province in Zimbabwe. An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methodology design with a QUANT ‒ QUAL criterion was adopted for the study. Quantitative results were cross-examined with findings from qualitative data, which explored alternative explanations for violation of Married Female Teenagers (MFTs)’ human rights. Respondents were 192 MFTs who were randomly sampled from the target population while participants were 17 MFTs and five (5) Key Informants who were purposively sampled from the target population. Respondents provided the required information through a closed-ended questionnaire while participants and Key Informants were engaged in face-to-face interviews using semi-structured questionnaire. Data from Focus Group Discussions were obtained through unstructured questionnaire. Quantitative research data were analysed using the SPSS 21.0 while Content Thematic Analysis was employed to analyse qualitative data. The study revealed that teenage marriages violated MFTs’ rights to; pursue education, enjoy good health, engage in income generating projects, be protected from sexual and verbal abuse and make independent decisions while in marriage. Husbands hindered the right to education for MFTs. Right to engage in income generating projects was hindered by lack of capital and refusal by some husbands and in-laws. The rights to make independent decisions were thwarted by restrictions imposed by husbands on MFTs’ movement, choice, association and belonging. The Government and its development partners were recommended to reach out to male teenagers and men with sexuality and gender-based violence (GBV) programmes.
Original Research Article
ABSTRACT
Social behavioral change communication interventions in Tanzania target populations engaging in high- risk sex behaviors and practices: anal intercourse, sex work, injecting drugs and male same sex relationships excluding women who have sex with women (WSW) or women who identify lesbians. In this paper, I describe terms used in reference to female same-sex sex or sexual relationships, important in health social behavior change communication targeting WSW in Tanzania. Data presented are part of cross-sectional descriptive and retrospective formative study among WSW conducted in Dar-es-Salaam region, Tanzania in 2021. WSW aged 18 and above, stayed in Dar-es-Salaam for six months or more; had had sexual contact with a woman in the past year participated in this study. Participants were recruited via snowball method. Community leaders/members and managers of NGOs/institution supporting WSW were purposively selected to take part in this study. Researchers used four methods to generated data needed for this study: focus group discussion, in-depth interviewing, observation and collecting WSW’s life stories. Content data analysis was conducted to create categories of terms around female same-sex sex or sexual relationships reported by study participants. Four categories of terms around female same-sex sex or sexual relationships emerged: terms referring to women who identify WSW or lesbians; terminologies referring to female same-sex sex; terms referring to female same-sex-related behaviors and practices; and terminologies referring to items/materials used during female same-sex sex. I conclude WSW in Dar-es-Salaam have coined terms that express their socially- created world. I recommend social behavior change communication programmers in the health education and promotion context to use these terms in developing comprehensive and WSW-friendly research protocols for sustainable behavior change among WSW and the public towards making female same-sex sex safe for reduced ....