ABSTRACT
Neck pain is a prevalent mechanical musculoskeletal condition often linked to alterations in cervical lordosis, commonly resulting from poor posture, muscle imbalances, or degenerative changes. This commentary examines the role of conservative management strategies, including physical therapy, postural correction, and manual therapy, in restoring and maintaining the natural curvature of the cervical spine to alleviate pain. Additionally, it highlights the role of advanced spinal assessment tools, particularly Nordic health devices, which provide precise, quantifiable data on cervical spine alignment, range of motion (ROM), and muscle imbalances. Key outcome measures, such as the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Cobb’s angle, and the Neck Pain and Disability Index (NPAD), facilitate the evaluation of pain severity, spinal alignment, and functional impairment in individuals with neck pain. By leveraging these technologies, objective data can be gathered to identify abnormal spinal curvature and muscle imbalances, enabling the development of personalized rehabilitation programs. The integration of conservative therapy with device-assisted spinal screening offers a comprehensive, evidence-based approach to managing cervical lordosis and mitigating neck pain, with continuous monitoring ensuring sustained treatment effectiveness.

ABSTRACT
Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the fifth most common reason for hospital visits, which affects nearly 60-80% of people throughout their lifetime (Tillotson, 1995). The prevalence of low back pain is reported to be as high as 84%, and the prevalence of chronic low back pain is about 23%, with 11-12% of the population being disabled by low back pain (Koes, 2006). According to Damian (2014), In the 2010 Global Burden of Disease study the global age-standardised point prevalence of LBP (from 0 to 100 years of age) was estimated to be 9.4%. The same study showed that prevalence in 2010 was highest in Western Europe followed by North Africa/Middle East, and lowest in the Caribbean followed by central Latin America. Aim: The purpose of this study is to ascertain the level of tumour necrosis factor, physical activity and body adiposity in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain in relation to their apparently healthy counterparts between the age of 30 to 60 years in River’s state. Methodology: This is a quasi-experiment / cross sectional research design. Those that agreed to participate were included and they were selected randomly. All Patients with Non-specific chronic low back pain within the ages of 30 - 60, that complained of pain within 6 months, without any history of spinal decompression, non-pregnant women who presented with low back pain, who presented for treatment at the hospital participated in the study for the period of 6 months. Subjects with a history of heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, Pott’s disease, and use of drugs like steroids and pregnant women was excluded from the study because the cause of their back pain is known. Also, some of their back pain is temporary. They were of 2 groups. First group are the patients diagnosed of non-specific chronic low back pain and the second group are the apparently healthy individuals that serve as control. Their blood samples were taken by the lab scientist. and sent for analysis.

ABSTRACT
Ibn Sīnā emphasizes the importance of proper splinting techniques and meticulous wound care in the management of fractures, providing specific and detailed instructions for effectively managing particularly complicated cases, such as comminuted fractures, as well as those involving major bones and joints like the hip, femur, patella, and foot. His extensive work reveals not only a profound understanding of human anatomy and the complex mechanisms of treatment methods but also underscores practices that resonate with modern medical approaches, thereby highlighting the enduring historical significance of his contributions to the field of orthopedics and their relevance to contemporary medicine. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of Ibn Sīnā’s significant insights into the complex topic of fractures, meticulously encompassing various types of fractures that may occur, including comminuted fractures, longitudinal fractures, and transverse fractures, along with a detailed discussion of the associated symptoms that are essential for effective diagnosis, such as pain, swelling, and deformity. Furthermore, the text delves deeper into the critical aspects of healing times that are necessary to understand for different types of fracture and elaborates on various factors that may hinder the recovery process, thus affecting patient outcomes, particularly in what is now known as the Theory of Delayed Splintage.

ABSTRACT
Giant cell tumors are benign bone tumors that can grow aggressively and destroy bones near a joint. They usually occur near the knee, wrist, ankle or hip. Although benign (noncancerous), giant cell tumors of bone can grow quickly. They represent the second soft tissue tumor after the synovial cyst. The localized form is the most common (nodular tenosynovitis). Typically occurring after a child has reached skeletal maturity, giant cell tumors are more commonly diagnosed in girls. They are rarely seen in young children. We report a clinical case of a 21-year-old girl with no previous health history, who consulted us for a tumor in the right wrist accompanied by swelling, pain and great functional impotence. The aim of this work is to perform a total excision of the tumor and recover good functionality of the hand given that it is the dominant limb.

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is a widespread musculoskeletal disorder affecting millions globally, contributing significantly to disability, reduced productivity, and impaired quality of life. It is a leading cause of disability, impacting both developed and developing nations worldwide. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the etiological status and treatment outcomes of LBP among patients treated under the orthopedic department of a tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: This prospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted jointly at the Department of Orthopedics in Bangladesh Central Police Hospital (CPH), Dhaka, Bangladesh and at the department of Physical Medicine, Shahabuddin Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during July 2024 to December 2024. Consecutive sampling method was applied, and a total of 300 patients aged ≥15, presenting with low back pain (LBP) at the outpatient department (OPD) were enrolled in this study. The collected data were methodically organized and analyzed using Statistically Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), Version-23.0. Results: A total of 300 patients presenting with low back pain (LBP) were enrolled in this study. The mean age of the patients was 46.9 ± 2.57 years. The most common age group was 41-50 years, comprising 70 (37.6%) patients. The majority of the patients were females (109, 58.6%). Hypertension (HTN) was the most prevalent comorbidity, present in 84 (45.2%) patients. Among the patients with mechanical pain, spondylosis was the most frequent cause, observed in 130 (43.33%) patients, which included acute pain in 65 (50%), sub-acute in 20 (15.38%), and chronic in 45 (34.61%). Disc prolapse accounted for 122 (40.67%) patients, with 56 (45.90%) acute, 18 (14.75%) sub-acute, and 48 (39.34%) chronic presentations. Other notable mechanical causes included back strain109 (36.33%), spondylolisthesis 80(26.67%), sacroiliac joint sprain 29 (9.67%), and spinal stenosis 22(7.33%).

ABSTRACT
Background: Humeral shaft fractures (HSFs) represent 3% of the fractures of the locomotor apparatus, and the middle third of the shaft is the section most affected. In the majority of cases, it is treated using nonsurgical methods, but surgical indications in HSF cases are increasingly being adopted. They are most common in males between 21 and 30 years old and females between 60 and 80 years old. Objective: To compare the intramedullary nailing and plate fixation in adult humeral shaft fractures. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective comparative study carried out in the Department of Orthopedics, Jahurul Islam Medical College & Hospital, Bhagolpur, Bajitpur, Kishoregonj for 2 years based on the patient presentation at both emergency room and outpatient clinic department between June 2021 and March 2023 in which fifty adult patients with humeral shaft non-union were recruited. Coagulopathies, on drugs like steroids, anti-neoplastic that may interfere with healing and those with significant co-morbidities such as Diabetes Mellitus, Neoplasia were all excluded from the study. Results: The nailing group operated for 84.11±8.98 minutes, while the plating group took 115.66 ± 9.56 minutes. The result was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The nailing group lost 75.02 ± 9.57 mL of blood during surgery, significantly less than the plating group's 132.79 ± 8.64 mL (P < 0.05). Of the 25 patients in the plating group, nine (36%) had outstanding results and eight (32%) had good results. In the nailing group, 11 (44%) achieved great outcomes, and 9 (36%) had good results. The two groups did not differ statistically from one another. Conclusion: The nailing group required less operating time and had less blood loss than the plating group. There were no significant differences in functional outcomes between the intramedullary nailing and plating groups.

ABSTRACT
The fracture of the fifth metacarpal neck is common in hand, traumatology among the young and active population who is the most affected. In the case of an unmoved fracture or a minor displacement, simple immobilization followed by rehabilitation is sufficient, whereas fractures with swaying greater than 30° require surgical management. The L-shaped insertion of the ribs is a simple surgical technique with short hospitalization, obtaining a reduction and quality stability allowing immediate self-rehabilitation, with good anatomical and functional results.