ABSTRACT
Abstract: The aim of the study of this paper is to improve the microstructure characteristics and alloying elements of CSN 12050 carbon steel products through thermal treatment and temperature-dependent characteristics (Recrystallization) to enhance the ease of machinability. The treated and untreated samples change in microstructure characteristics is examined using metallographic microscope equipped with camera. The result showed that an improved microstructure for the ease of machinability obtained in the thermal treatment cycle of annealing and a temperature- dependent (recrystallization) process. Furthermore, by heating the metal to the recrystallization temperature before deformation, the forces and power required to carry out the process are significantly reduced. Analysis of chemical composition has been carried out using Spectro-test TXC25 machine model number 2010, for the required specimens of CSN 12050 carbon steel. Result showed that the improved alloying elements in the chemical compositions of CSN 12050 carbon steel successfully achieved through temperature-dependent recrystallization process. The obtained enhancement in CSN 12050 carbon steel microstructure characteristics and alloying elements is a good implication to comprehend the product sustainability for the ease of machinability in dry condition. The experimentally validated results value using the digital power analyzer shown that 35 % for untreated sample test, 33 % for annealed sample, and for recrystallized sample 32 % of cutting power consumption were recorded. Finally, from the achieved result we can predict that the possibility of economic, environmental and societal benefits of dry machining condition by avoiding the use of cutting fluids.

ABSTRACT
Abstract: In tropical regions where the sun is constantly high in the sky are experiencing intense solar radiation throughout the year. The urban areas where less vegetation is found are most impacted which lead to among others, the urban heat island phenomenon. Global temperature rise increases cooling load, thus, more energy is consumed. Careful planning of exterior spaces can help reduce energy consumption for cooling by reducing the adverse impact of some climatic factors and increasing vegetation. Strategically placed vegetation around a building has long been recognised as a means of cooling. It can reduce temperatures and humidity through shading, evapotranspiration and wind channeling. Thus, manipulating the building envelop and ambience. Two buildings in the same area with similar orientation were considered, pictures and readings were taken on site using data loggers. One of the buildings had more paved surfaces while the other had more green surfaces, temperature and humidity readings were taken simultaneously and compared. It was discovered that the building with more green surfaces maintained a lower temperature and higher humidity as compared with the building with more paved surfaces.

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Abstract: In this paper, we deal with the extinction of solution of the initial boundary value problem of a quasilinear parabolic equation in a bounded domain of RN. We prove that extinction of the solution.

ABSTRACT
Abstract: In this article, some scientific problems of Iran were mentioned. It was concluded that Iran and I will not become anything in the science, I have no intelligence and Iran and I will not become anything in general. Therefore, according to the principles of DEPRESSIVE REALISM, I must always be happy. In addition, it was deduced that the only way for the scientific advancement of Iran is to make Iran a state of USA.

ABSTRACT
Abstract: Phishing is an aspect of identity theft that uses engineering and social paradigms to steal personal information from unsuspecting users for their selfish gain. Most attacks are in the form of luring the user into clicking a link that directs the user to a rogue page. The major target of phishing attacks are online customers of e-banking and payment service providers, and these groups suffer huge financial loss. Phishing is not all about sending spoofed mails to users as most people assume, rather it is a multifaceted techno-social issue for which there is no particular solution to end its reign. This has given rise to a series of research in this field as scholars are working towards creating more efficient anti-phish solutions by quantifying risks and degree of vulnerability of users. Most approaches to combat phishing are not able to make dynamic decisions to determine the risk rate of the website and this allows for a large number of false positive. The use of blacklists and whitelists has their limitations due to poor scalability and time constraint. Anti-phishing solutions are methods put in place to protect internet users from attacks aimed at defrauding them of their finances. Browser plug-ins have been the most recent methods adopted, though a lot of questions have been raised to question the effectiveness of these plug-ins. In this research we aim at developing an intelligent anti-phishing plug-in for e-banking, capable of detecting phishing attacks based on existing knowledge about features and patterns of phishing websites. The proposed system is developed to protect users from deceptive tricks used by phishers by giving them the ability to identify phishy or fraudulent websites. The proposed model uses fuzzy logic to define rules and assign linguistic indicators in the form of if-then rules to each phishing criteria. The approach adopted is a combination of fuzzy reasoning in quantifying dynamic and unclear phishing.......................

ABSTRACT
Abstract: A functional industrial ammonia plant has been simulated using the plant data. All the unit operations, including definition and formation of reactions set have been performed in Aspen HYSYS V8.8. The simulated results compared with the plant data indicate reasonable agreement. The process optimization was performed using the optimization techniques such as BOX, Mixed and Sequential Quadratic Programming in Aspen HYSYSV8.8. The SQP, Mixed and BOX optimization algorithms gave optimum variables at quick convergence with reasonable iterative numbers. It was therefore deduced that the SQP, Mixed and BOX algorithms were more appropriate for the multi-step ammonia process. From the algorithms, the optimum operating conditions that increased the yield of ammonia production are 43.97oC, 4839kPa and 25670kg/hr for natural gas and 280.6oC 21490.0kPa for the ammonia production respectively given the percentage of ammonia to increase from 24.37 to 41.04 mole percent. The performance criterion which was Energy consumption was the objective function which was minimized in the reforming sections. The results showed that there was reduction of energy from 125.36Gcal/hr to 75.095Gcal/hr in the primary reformer and from 43.021Gcal/hr to 34.37Gcal/hr in the secondary reformer respectively. The effect of process parameters on the component performance was performed. It was observed that temperature, pressure and mass flow rate of the natural gas greatly influenced the yield of ammonia. Comparison of the plant, simulated and optimized results were done in terms of operating process parameters and compositions of sour gas, desulfurized gas and ammonia synthesis converter products.

ABSTRACT
Abstract: The design models of isothermal batch and continuous stirred tank reactors are presented for bioremediation of crude oil in water environment. The reactor design equations were formulated based on conservation principle of mass and the reactor functional parameters simulated using MATLAB. The reactors were designed to treat crude oil at 95 to 99% degree of conversion with 79.5m3 volume of crude oil in water required to be treated daily. The results obtained showed that residence time for the batch reactor increased with increase in crude oil removed, which took approximately 2 hours. In addition, the heat generated per unit volume decreases with increase in residence time, which ranged from 6594 kJ/h.m3 to 6455 kJ/h.m3 at residence time of 1.904 to 1.984 hours and 95 to 99% crude oil removal. Similarly, the CTSR results showed that the volume and space time increased with increase in crude oil removed. The volume of CSTR ranged from 6.722 to 9.209m3, while space time ranged from 2.029 to 2.780 hours at 95 to 99% removal efficiency respectively. Conversely, the space velocity and heat generated per unit reactor volume decreased with increase in fractional conversion. The space velocity ranged from 0.493 to 0.36 h-1, while heat generated per unit reactor volume ranged from 1223 to 930.4kJ/hr.m3 at 95 to 99% removal efficiency respectively. Hence, the time required to remove one volume of crude oil fed into the reactor was higher in CSTR compared to the batch reactor, and at 79.5m3 of crude oil removal per day, the batch reactor will require 5 batches to complete the treatment. However, the heat generated per unit reactor volume was higher in batch reactor compared to the CSTR.