ABSTRACT
Kunun gyada is cereal-based Nigerian porridge produce from cereal flour in combination with groundnut milk. There is the growing popularity of local beverage drinks such as the kunun-gyada, kunun-Zaki, kunun-tsamiya in Nigeria, and thus, this posses great research challenges that require processing improvement from the traditional method of preparation, value addition, and extension of storage life of the products. Research has shown that the product can easily go bad when stored unrefrigerated and even when refrigerated, the product can only be kept for a maximum of four days (Gaffa et al., 2002). Sensory evaluation indicated that the kunun gyada powder was slightly oily to touch. The product was rated low for overall acceptability base on sensory evaluation by consumers under a 5-point hedonic scale. The powder was observed to be oily which might have hurt the panelist overall assessment of the product. Due to this, the kunun gyada powder was modified to contain 5 % maltodextrin and was investigated for consumer acceptability and storage stability. The product was stable during storage, the colour of the maltodextrin-added product was significantly lighter (L* was 76.31%). The viscosity of the product also increased from 15.75 to 17.12 mPa.s. The addition of maltodextrin improved the product's overall acceptability significantly from 2.72 to 3.89 based on a five-point Hedonic scale.

ABSTRACT
Fenoxapro-P-Ethyl is an herbicide which has wide scope of uses in agrarian fields to control weeds. The used Fenoxapro-P-Ethyl part is let off into streams which definitely influences the endurance of the fish. In the current investigation an endeavor was made to dissect the harmfulness of Fenoxapro-P-Ethyl and Freshwater fish, C. carpio were exposed to sublethal concentration (37.5µg/L) of Fenoxapro-P-Ethyl for 15, 30 and 45 days to analyze various parameters of protein metabolism in functionally different tissues. Total, structural and soluble proteins showed decrement; whereas free amino acids and the activities of protease, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase significantly increased in Fenoxapro-P-Ethyl exposed fish. Interestingly, ammonia content decreased but urea and glutamine increased at all periods of exposure. It was also observed that alterations steadily increased with the period of exposure and exhibited tissue specificity. Thus variation in the protein metabolism of the fish exposed to Fenoxapro-P-Ethyl indicates its toxic effect on the cellular metabolism thereby leading to impaired protein synthetic machinery. In light of the result of the current examination, it is along these lines recommended that proper measures be taken for detoxification of Fenoxapro-P-Ethyl before it is released in to streams, as it can bargain the endurance of aquatic territory subsequently bringing about the unsettling influences of aquatic biological system.

ABSTRACT
This study aims to find the difference in stock price and trading volume around the ex-dividend date before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used event study methods with 100 days estimation period and 11 days event period. The stock price is observed through abnormal return, and trading volume is observed through trading volume activity. The research population is the companies listed on the index IDX High Dividend 20 in the year 2021, and samples are 20 companies on the index with 85 cash dividend events. Normality test used Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, while hypotheses test used Paired T-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The study result shows a significant difference in stock price before, during, and after the ex-dividend date before the pandemic but not during the pandemic. The study also shows no significant difference in trading volume before, during, and after the ex-dividend date, whether before or during the pandemic.

ABSTRACT
Public Distribution System was introduced in 14 January 1945 during the Second World War. It was introduced in the year way back in 1940s during Bengal famine in India. In the month of March 2020 nationwide lockdown was imposed to stop the spread of the deadly corona virus. Rationing of essential foods has become tantamount with lockdown due to the pandemic. At this time of lockdown curfew was imposed throughout the country. So, rationing of essential commodities through PDS was felt of paramount importance. The present study revealed that majority of the residents of Sonitpur district i.e. 63.5 percent of the total sample respondent have received information regarding distribution of food grains from friends and relatives. Further, 45.75 percent of total respondents have agreed that the FPS in their locality have provided good services. Likewise, 47 percent of total respondents have felt satisfied with the working hours of the FPS. Also, the study has unveiled that, 71.5 percent of the total respondents have used the food grains provided under the PDS for their own consumption. An attempt has been made in the paper to examine source of information about distribution of food grains during the lockdown; quality of good services supplied through PDS during the lockdown; uses of products provided by FPS during the lockdown and consumer satisfaction with the quality of food grains. Moreover, the paper endeavours to study assistance received from financially able person from the society during the lockdown in the study area.

ABSTRACT
Background: In most cases the etiological factors of periapical diseases are oral contaminants through the root canal or degenerative pulpal tissues. Infections of the dental pulp occur as consequence of dental caries, operative dental procedures, trauma, and involve a mixed, predominantly gram-negative, anaerobic micro-organisms.Therefore the mere surgical removal of the periapical lesions without proper root canal disinfection and obturation will not result in the healing of the periapical tissues. So successful management and repair of periapical pathosis depends on complete debridement of the root canal system, followed by three-dimensional obturation to seal both the apical foramen and coronal orifice. Objectives: To find out clinical and radiological evaluation of non-surgical management of non-vital teeth with periapical pathosis by conventional root canal treatment. Methods: A total number of 50 infected teeth with periapical lesions were treated by conventional root canal treatment. This Experimental study was carried out for a period of 12 months from January 2019 to December 2019 in Shah Ali Dental Clinic, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Irritants from the root canal system was removed by mechanical instrumentation (Crown down Technique), chemical irrigation with Naocl and by using Calcium Hydroxide as intra-canal medicaments and fluid tight obturation both apically and coronally resulting repairs of inflamed periapical tissues. Depending on the extension of tissue damage repair varies from a simple reduction and resolution of the inflammation to a more complex regeneration involving remodeling of bone, periodontal membrane and cementum. Results: This study present 1 years clinical and radiological follows up period. Among 50 cases 40 cases could be treated as acceptable as their responses were good both clinically and radiologically and 7 patients came back with some complications among them 5 cases were uncertain and 2 cases were unacceptable. ..............

ABSTRACT
The biggest problem facing the Central Asian countries is water pollution, which undermines environmental security and slows down further economic development. This study examines the relationships between Water pollution, Agricultural production, Aquaculture production, Improved water source, Industry, Surface temperature anomaly, Urban and Rural population growth, and economic growth in Central Asian countries after the transition economics with a Difference-in-differences (DID) for panel-data model, and Heterogeneous effects and reports some findings tried to explain using the diagnostic graphs and tests, using 1990 to 2017 database. According to the survey, agriculture is the main cause of water pollution. Studies have also shown that water pollution increases with the growth of the economy and population in these countries. The results of this study will help to understand the impact of not only water pollution, but also various environmental regulations on pollution control, and will also help formulate future policies.

ABSTRACT
Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) broadly defines a burn as an injury caused by heat (hot objects, gases or flames), chemicals, electricity, and lightning, friction or radiation [1]. Annually, burns result in more than 7.1 million injuries, the loss of almost 18 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and more than 250,000 deaths worldwide. Burn injuries are more common in developing countries like India due to various socio-cultural factors namely illiteracy, poor living and housing conditions, poverty, poor substandard electrical wiring and malpractices like dowry. There is lack of awareness and ignorance regarding burn injuries coupled with the difficulty in accessing health-care services. Methods: This was a three and a half years’ retrospective and prospective study and included all patients of burn injuries who were admitted in IGMC Shimla from 1st January 2014 to 30th June 2016 and patients who either reported to the Casualty OPD or were admitted in the wards of IGMC Shimla from 1st July 2016 to 30th June 2017. Percentage of Burn was calculated by using Lund and Browder chart. Inj. Tetanus toxoid and painkillers such as tramadol were given to all patients. Intravenous fluids were administrated according to parklands formula(3-4 ml/kg/TBSA, 1/2 in first 8 hours and rest in next 16 hours) to patients of burns >10% total burn surface area(TBSA) in children <12 years of age and >20% TBSA in adults. Intravenous or oral antibiotics were given depending on the severity of the burn. Patients with respiratory distress were given oxygen support. Result: In our study we found that maximum patient who underwent burn injury is <18 years and are male, married, unemployed. Most common type of burn is flame urns and second degree burns are most common one. There were 24 patients who expired during the course of hospitalization due to sepsis and 8 patients were referred to the higher center. There were 206 (86.19%) patients who recovered .............

ABSTRACT
Hypertension is a major public health problem and important area of research due to its high prevalence and being major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and other complications. This study aims to assess the prevalence of hypertension and, investigate the associated risk factors of hypertension among study subjects in Ifakala community in Mbaitolu Local Government Area of Imo State. A descriptive cross sectional study design was used and it was carried out from March to august 2019. The study involves 403 respondents aged from 18 to 90 years. A check list was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and binary logistic regression tests at P<0.05. The result indicated that the prevalence of hypertension was 42.7% (male: 57.6%, female: 42.4%). The proportion of reported prevalence of hypertension based on age was 10.7% for below 30 years, while 5.5% were for age 60 years and above. The body mass index of the respondents was 5.2%, 52.0%, 29.5% and 13.3% for underweight, normal, overweight and obese, respectively. There is statistical significant relationship between hypertension and alcohol (p<0.05), as well as between hypertension and tobacco consumption (p<0.05). This study revealed moderate prevalence of hypertension. There is need to create more awareness and implement intervention for prevention and early detection of hypertension, especially between 50- 59years and overweight or obese.

ABSTRACT
Rectal injuries due to blunt or penetrating trauma are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, yet there is a lack of consensus regarding their optimal management. The management of penetrating rectal trauma invokes a complex decision tree that has been established based on lessons learned during war. It involves proximal faecal diversion by a stoma, rectal washout and placement of pre-sacral drain. Today surgeons worldwide variably use these techniques. We present a case where a young male accidentally slipped and fell on a beer bottle which got inserted in his rectum. He presented a few days later with scrotal and perineal cellulitis.

ABSTRACT
Global population increases have expanded livestock industries and the demand for forage production. These factors have necessitated forage production with poor-quality irrigation water in semi-arid and arid regions. A greenhouse study evaluated the effect of poor-quality irrigation water on seedling growth to 90 days after planting alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and triticale [×Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus (Secale × Triticum)], which were selected as representative forage crop species. Treatments were: fresh water (control; 0.7 dS m-1), brackish groundwater (BGW; 4 dS m-1), reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC; 8 dS m-1; Ca dominant), and BGW plus sodium chloride (BGW+NaCl; 8 dS m-1; Na dominant). Treatment influences on germination have been reported. This article reports the potential influence of those treatments during that 90-d period after which newly spring-seeded alfalfa would normally be harvested the first time and triticale would typically be ready to graze. Increasing salinity of the irrigation water had no effect on forage crude protein content, but it reduced acid detergent fiber and amylase-treated neutral detergent fiber (aNDF) (375, 310, 300, 319 g kg-1 aNDF for the control, BGW, ROC, and BGW+NaCl treatments, respectively; P < 0.05, SED = 15) and increased non-fiber carbohydrates. Further research at the field level and over a longer period for alfalfa is needed to validate the results of this preliminary study and to evaluate the influence of poor-quality water for irrigating these and other forage crop species.