ABSTRACT
The industry 4.0 technology has been in existence and development for a while now and it has been fully implemented by the “big player” manufacturing companies in the world. This paper provides an assessment of the key technologies and the low state of implementation of this technological transformation by industries in Africa and especially the SMEs. Therefore, the article gives a guide and conceptual roadmap with necessary resources, practices and strategies for the middle African companies to implement industry 4.0 in their organization and reap the benefits of this industrial and technological revolution.

ABSTRACT
Anti-patterns are flaws that adversely impact the quality of the system. The term "Code Smell" refers to a sign that there are anti-patterns in software, which prompts system restructuring. As a result, managing the maintenance becomes challenging. Refactoring is required more when the number of smells increases. Different methods for detecting anti-patterns in the system have been found. The research sought to examine how anti-patterns affect classes and which specific anti-patterns have a greater influence than others. A conclusion has been reached regarding the findings for upcoming research on open-source systems. The introduction is followed by the various anti-patterns in the first of the paper's four sections. Additionally, the associated work has been thoroughly analysed, followed by a succinct conclusion. Thus, the study presents many methods for identifying software system code smells. Therefore, odour detection will be useful in increasing reliability during testing and maintenance phases by foreseeing anti-patterns and errors before to product delivery. Additionally, the community of software engineers and managers will benefit from the identification of anti-patterns by using it to enhance software development maintenance efforts.

ABSTRACT
In conventional data processing, the use of binary bits is required. Online education is most beneficial to those who are already comfortable with technology. It's possible that classical mechanics will be replaced by quantum mechanics in near future. The processing speed of quantum computers is million times faster than that of traditional computer. Qubits are quantum bits. In the quantum technology, superposition and entanglement are important concepts. Traditional computers can benefit from the complex computational problems that are solved by quantum computing. Astrology, cryptography, and weather forecasting can all be simplified using quantum technology. Quantum theory should be studied by students majoring in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics related fields. This paper discusses the advantages, applications, and tactics that can be used to enhance graduate and undergraduate courses in this rapidly expanding field of work.

ABSTRACT
Internet of Things has changed everyone's life. It often changes the way people interact with their environment and objects. IoT devices use wearable devices that are used to monitor the activities of animals. The Internet of Things for Animal Health (IoTAH) uses biosensors and software to monitor and manage animal health information. This work concerns the development of a mobile application coupled with a hardware device (called CAHM) attached to an animal’s collar. Companion Animal Health Monitoring App. Equipped with a smart collar, the system feature’s location tracking, heart rate, body temperature measurement, disease detection and isolation, detection of reproductive cycles, as well as monitoring physiological wellbeing of the animal. With further advancements in technology, data analysis algorithms and IoT systems, using these technologies we can improve our understanding of animal health, improve prevention and support healthy, happy animals.

ABSTRACT
Bank churn, or the phenomenon of customers leaving their bank for another, is a major concern for financial institutions. The ability to predict churn can help banks to retain customers, reduce costs, and increase profitability. In this paper, we propose a machine learning approach to predict bank churn using a dataset of customer transactions and demographic information. We compare the performance of different machine learning models, including logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, and neural network, using evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Our results show that the random forest model outperforms other models with an accuracy of 87.5% and an F1-score of 0.87. Furthermore, we conduct feature selection and engineering to identify the most important features contributing to bank churn. Our findings suggest that factors such as customer age, account balance, and number of transactions are significant predictors of churn. Our research has important implications for banks to improve customer retention and reduce churn by leveraging machine learning techniques.

ABSTRACT
The first function of obstacle avoidance robots is to detect the presence of obstacles. When you power on the system with the help of the ON/OFF switch, the Arduino microcontroller will read the data. When the ultrasonic sensor detects the presence of an obstacle in the process of moving forward, the robot will move backward. If the robot does not sense any obstacle, that is, if the distance between an obstacle and it is wide, it will then move forward again until it senses an obstacle before it stops. Two LEDs are used in the research, one indicating the robot is moving forward and the other showing if the robot is moving backward. The third LED shows if the battery is fully charged. C programming is used for Arduino board applications to develop the program for the whole system's operation. There is also a power source unit that is used to charge the batteries used in the system.

ABSTRACT
Hepatitis B virus has been a major concern to the world as it has been a killer infection for many years. It is an infection that has adverse effects on the human liver causing cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In many countries, many persons had been infected in the past with this deadly disease, and it resulted in many deaths. This has been so, due to the high cost and time required to undergo laboratory checks and consult a medical doctor. Not so many people could afford the medical bills required for early detection of the virus. The researchers seek to curb the challenge with the development of an Expert System for Medical Predictions of Hepatitis B. The software is meant to accurately predict if a patient has hepatitis B or not, the extent of the infection if any, and also suggest treatment. This is to enable for early detection and treatment of infected patients. This reduces the cost and time required to get treatment for hepatitis B. The methodology adopted for the analysis of this work is Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) and Unified Modeling Language (UML). The program is written using JavaScript alongside HTML5 (Hyper Text Markup Language), CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) and bootstrap framework. The database is implemented using MySQL and the program is implemented using PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor). From the results, the Expert system has accurately diagnosed if a patient has chronic or acute hepatitis B and also prescribed suitable treatment.