ABSTRACT
Abstract: This study examined the effectiveness of adaptive instructional delivery approach on students’ performance in general woodwork adopting non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental research design. Four research questions and four hypotheses guided the study. A total of 79 vocational II woodwork students’ in 2016/2017 academic session drawn from four co-educational technical colleges in Edo State made up the sample for the study. The instrument for data collection was a 30-item General Woodwork Achievement Test (GWAT), administered as pre-test, post-test and delayed post-test respectively. Three experts validated the instruments. Its reliability of .89 was determined using Kuder Richardson 21 formulae. Mean was used to answer the research questions while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at. 05 level of significance. The results indicated among others that adaptive instructional approach had a significant effect on students’ performance and retention in General Woodwork trade. The study recommended that General Woodwork teachers should employ the use of adaptive teaching approach in teaching General Woodwork to enhance students’ performance and retention. The major educational implication of the findings was that students will do better in General Woodwork if taught with adaptive teaching strategy.

ABSTRACT
Abstract: Present study aimed at finding out the interpersonal social support and perceived depression among under graduate college students of Kolkata during unlock phase of covid-19 lockdown. Two random samples of 200 participants (100 males & 100 females) aged 18 to 20 years residing in Kolkata were selected. The Beck Depression Inventory – Second Edition (BDI-II) and Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (shortened version) along with a general information schedule were administered on selected samples through online. Findings suggest that the as female college students scored higher in depression than male students and in case of social support female college students scored comparatively less than male students during unlock phase II for Covid-19 pandemic. Social support can be considered to be protective force against depression and there was a negative spiral between social support and depression. Results also confirmed that students are less depressed when they get more social support and especially the tangible support. Persons with strong social support are better able to cope with stressors, whereas those with less support may be more vulnerable to the adverse effects of stress, such as depression.

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Abstract: The present investigation was aimed at studying the perceived self – esteem among tobacco users and non – users adolescents with special reference to Sitamarhi district of North Bihar, India. It is because of the fact that in Bihar State, Government has banned the use of alcohol and all hard drugs, although tobacco chewing and smoking are still available in the licit market and adolescent are found to intake these soft drugs inside and outside their schools where they are studying. Thus, the present investigator had used the drug abuse questionnaire survey schedule to find out the tobacco users adolescents from different private and government schools located in and around Sitamarhi district to carry out the present piece of research work. Having surveyed the adolescents population using drug abuse questionnaire survey schedule only (n=100) tobacco users were taken as tobacco (chewing and smoking) users only. Moreover, n=100 adolescents were also randomly selected from same place as non – users, those who were not taking any type of soft drugs. The information collected through questionnaire schedule using self- esteem inventory. The data were tabulated and analyzed according to procedures of the inventory. Obtained results revealed the fact that Non – tobacco users were found more prone to higher degree of self-esteem as compared to tobacco users. Significant differences were also found between the groups of tobacco users and non – users adolescents in terms of their dimensions of self – esteem, viz., “personally perceived self” and “socially perceived self”. Finally results have been discussed in detail by giving probable reasons in the light of exigency of situations prevailing in North Bihar, India so far as drug addiction is concerned.

ABSTRACT
Abstract: Psychological stress, anxiety makes bad and creates a problematic situations on students to perform better. The factors collectively hamper their performance leading to low academic achievement. Having surveyed the literature, it has been observed that in Bihar state a few studies have been witnessed especially in the field of academic anxiety and academic achievement of the students in last decades. Hence, the present study is aimed to fill that gap and efforts are made to find out the levels of anxiety towards academic achievement. Thus, for the present study one hundred eighty (N=180) students which comprises the students obtained above 70 % marks (n=60); 60 % to 69 % (n=60) and below 60 % marks obtained by the students in the half – yearly examinations (n=60) of IX th standard students studying in government schools located in and around the area of Samastipur district of North Bihar, India were selected randomly. For collecting the data on academic anxiety – a scale “Academic Anxiety Scale for Children” (AASC) developed by Singh and Gupta (2005) was used and on the other hand, academic achievement was measured on the basis of performance of half yearly examination of school test. Having collected the data on the items of the test, the individual scores were obtained as per norms and procedure of the tests for giving statistical treatment. Obtained results revealed that there are significant differences between the different groups of students in terms of their degree of academic anxiety towards their academic achievement, although all students had shown moderate levels of academic anxiety. Obtained results have been discussed in detail by giving appropriate reasons in the context of North Bihar, India.

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Abstract: Introduction: Social support plays an important role in maintaining psychological well-being of students. Nursing students are subjected to a variety of stressors during their study and level of perceived social support is one of these factors which may precipitate to emotional disturbances in the form of depression, anxiety and stress which may affect students’ academic performance, physical health and quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the social support among nursing students and its association with depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. Methodology: A sample of 174 nursing students from International Islamic University Malaysia participated in this study. Depression Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess the emotional disturbances in the form of depression, anxiety and stress (DAS) symptoms. The multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) was used to measures perceived social support. Results: The mean score of depression for all students was at mild level (11.47), mean anxiety score was at moderate level (14.77) while mean stress score was at normal level (14.76). Majority of nursing students scored high social support. No significant differences between the gender and age of students in relation to social support. The social support is negatively associated and correlated with depression among nursing students. Conclusion: Symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress are existed among nursing students which need to be early detected. The social support is negatively associated and correlated with depression among nursing students. No significant differences between the genders in relation to perceived social support.

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Depression, as a disease, is common in cancer patients. It is generally observed that various cancer patients report most of the time unfolds that they are suffering from depression, although depression is a difficult task to study in cancer patients. Hence, the present study was aimed at studying the perceived depression among cancer patients with special reference to Bihar state, India. The present study is important as it has been shown that patients with depression which tend to have drastic symptoms. To achieve the objective of the present study total sample consisted of eighty (N=80) cancer patients covering cervical and breast cancer patients comprising male (n=45) and female (n=35) were selected through incidental-cum-purposive sampling technique from the Swami Vivekanand Cancer Sansthan, Darbhanga, and Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna and moreover equal number of non – cancer normal people were also selected for making comparative study. Beck Depression Inventory along with biographical information blank (BIB) were administered to collect the data. Having collected the data on the items of the inventory, the individual scores were summed up for giving statistical treatment. Finally, results revealed the fact that there is higher degree of significant difference between the group of cancer patients and normal people as “t” has been found highly significant at .01 level of confidence, although significant difference has also been found among the group of male and female cancer patients. It is very interesting to point out here that Male group of Cancer patients had shown higher level of depression in comparison to female group of cancer patients. Obtained results have been discussed in detail by giving probable reasons.

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The paper discusses the concept of girl-child education, right of child education, history of Nomads in Nigeria, cultural and religious practices of Nomads and attitude of nomadic parents towards girl-child education. The girl-child education is to make a girl-child understand herself and her capacity to exploit her environment, and involves training in literacy and vocational skills to enable her become functional in the society. The rights to education of a girl-child is free and compulsory primary education and freedom from all types of discrimination at all levels of education. Cultural practice of nomadic parents towards the education of their daughters could lead to early marriage, pregnancy, insecurity, harassment and drop-out of school. Girls education touches on fundamental issues of gender disparity. Nomadic parents believe a girl-child does not need to be educated like a male child. Their plan is for their girl- child to be married off and start procreation as early as early adolescents. In conclusion, cultural practice of nomadic parents influences their attitude in not having desire to educate a girl-child. Moreover, withdrawal from primary school for marriage is often practised by those who allow their daughters to attend primary school. It is recommended that school counsellors are to organise parents‟ conferences and use such media to discuss with parents of relevance of girl-child education to the pupils themselves, their families and the society at large.