ABSTRACT
Aim of the Study: To compare the inhibitory antimicrobial effect of ginger, cinnamon, pomegranate peel extracts against Enterococcus faecalis. Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Materials and Methods: Fresh ginger, cinnamon and pomegranate peel were freshly purchased and accordingly prepared for 15% ethanolic extracts, subjected to microbiological assays to determine zones of growth and/or inhibition against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Results: Statistically significant antimicrobial inhibitory potential of Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were observed between and within the different extracted materials and the positive and negative control groups (p=0.000). The antimicrobial inhibition zone was significantly exhibited in the cinnamon extract group compared to the ginger and pomegranate peel groups, especially against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans, compared to the other groups. While staphylococcus aureus demonstrated substantial inhibitory effect towards pomegranate and cinnamon, whereas Enterococcus faecalis showed similar inhibitory zones with cinnamon and pomegranate. Conclusion: Cinnamon, Ginger, and Pomegranate exhibited prominent antibacterial inhibitory effects that hold potential for preventive and therapeutic applications. Particularly, Cinnamon showed the most significant antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and exhibited an anti-candidal inhibitory effect. Clinical Significance: The clinical significance of the antimicrobial effects of ginger, cinnamon, and pomegranate lies in their potential as natural alternatives or adjuncts to conventional antimicrobial agents, especially in the face of rising antibiotic resistance.

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Acquired maxillofacial defects, most often of tumoral origin in West Africa, have major functional, aesthetic and psychological consequences. Maxillofacial prosthesis (MFP) remains the main rehabilitation option in Senegal, but local data on the lived experience of patients are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess satisfaction and the psychosocial impact of MFP in patients followed at IOS-UCAD. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 patients fitted with an MFP, recruited consecutively at the Prosthetics Department of IOS-UCAD in Dakar, from April to July 2025. Sociodemographic, clinical and prosthetic data, as well as satisfaction and psychosocial impact, were collected using a face-to-face questionnaire. Results: Mean age was 42.5 ± 18.8 years, with a female predominance (60.0%). The defect was of tumoral origin in 91.6% of patients. The MFP was maxillary in 90.0% of cases. Overall satisfaction reached 93.3%. Aesthetic (85.0%) and phonatory (85.0%) satisfaction was high; masticatory function remained the lowest-rated dimension. The patient–caregiver relationship was rated fully satisfactory by all patients on the five criteria assessed (100.0%). The psychosocial impact was positive: 96.7% of patients reported feeling at ease with themselves and having regained self-confidence; 93.3% reported improved social integration. Conclusion: MFP provides a rehabilitation considered satisfactory by the great majority of Senegalese patients and restores a quality of life compatible with social reintegration. Masticatory satisfaction is the main area for improvement. The expansion of MFP services within the Senegalese hospital network should be strengthened.

ABSTRACT
Odontogenic infections represent a significant public health concern due to their high prevalence and potential for severe complications. These conditions commonly arise as a consequence of dental caries and periodontal disease, which remain leading causes of oral pathology worldwide.¹ In many cases, effective management requires an integrated approach combining pharmacological, dental, and surgical interventions², tailored to the specific clinical circumstances. The infection may originate within the dental structures or extend to the surrounding tissues. When the inflammatory process cannot be effectively controlled through antibiotic therapy, it may disseminate to the subcutaneous regions and, in severe cases, manifest extraorally.³ Such infections frequently present with pain and swelling in the orofacial region, often necessitating emergency endodontic intervention to alleviate symptoms and control the spread of infection.⁴ In patients exhibiting acute pain and clinical signs of facial swelling, endodontic management typically involves root canal treatment in conjunction with systemic antibiotic therapy.¹,²,³,⁴ Clinical Case: A 20-year-old male patient presented to the UABC Polyclinic in Mexicali with intense pain in the right submandibular region and noticeable right-sided facial asymmetry. Pulpal diagnosis: necrosis. Periapical diagnosis: acute periapical abscess affecting tooth #46. Endodontic treatment was initiated to achieve internal decompression, followed by completion using the crown-down biomechanical instrumentation technique, irrigation with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and obturation with MTA-Fillapex sealer. The clinical outcome was favorable, demonstrating complete resolution of the infection and absence of recurrence during follow-up.

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of general dental surgeons on the criteria for choosing the cervical margin in fixed prostheses in dental practices in Bamako and Kati. Methodology: This was a prospective descriptive study focusing on 73 general dental surgeons in dental practices in Bamako and Kati over a period of three months, from July to September 2025. Data were collected using a self-administered survey form given to practitioners. Results: The participating dentists represented a rate of 93.59%. Males represented a rate of 72.6%. The sex ratio was 2.63 (M/F). The 30-40 age group represented 53.4% of cases. Average: 33.78 years; Standard deviation: 4.98 years; Extremes: 27 and 46 years. Private dental practices were the most represented, accounting for 41.1% of cases. In our study, 34% of participants had completed other training courses. The number of years of experience was < 5 years in 46.6% of cases. Average: 6.96 years; Standard deviation: 4.26 years; Extremes: 1 and 15 years. The majority of participants were in the private sector, representing 72.7% of cases. The depth of the metal-ceramic crown was between 1.2 and 1.5 mm in 60.3% of cases. Shouldering accounted for 32.9% of cases for metal-ceramic crowns. The margin was between 0.8-1 mm in 61.7% of cases for metal crowns. The margin was recessed in 43.9% of cases for metal crowns. During the study, 58.9% of participants mentioned a depth between 0.8-1 mm for a zirconia crown. The chamfer margin was represented in 34.3% of cases for a zirconia crown. The margin was subgingival in 65.8% of cases to meet patients' aesthetic demands. The shoulder bur was used in 57.6% of cases for shoulder preparation. The chamfer bur was used in 57.6% of cases for chamfer repair. The pointed conical bur was used in 65.8% of cases for tracing preparation. The pointed conical bur was used in 50.7% of cases for highlighting undercuts. The margin was subgingival in 65.7% of participants for a m

ABSTRACT
Orthograde root canal retreatment is the first-line conservative option when endodontic failure or risk of reinfection is present after prior treatment. We report the management of a maxillary right central incisor (tooth 11) in a 59-year-old male, asymptomatic, with a misfitting metal-ceramic crown placed ~30 years earlier, a cast metal post, and an inadequate root filling. Under rubber-dam isolation, recurrent caries were removed and complete gutta-percha removal was performed. Working length was established at 17 mm, followed by biomechanical instrumentation and activated irrigation with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA, alternated with saline. Calcium hydroxide was used as an intracanal medicament at the first visit; at the subsequent appointment, three-dimensional obturation was achieved using cold lateral and vertical compaction with gutta-percha and a bioceramic sealer (MTA Fillapex). A provisional seal was placed and definitive restoration was planned immediately to prevent coronal leakage. Immediate postoperative evolution was uneventful, without pain or swelling. As no evident periapical lesion was observed, the prognosis was considered favorable and consistent with reported success rates when effective disinfection and adequate corono-apical sealing are achieved. This case underscores the importance of identifying etiologies correctable via an orthograde approach, implementing standardized irrigation protocols, ensuring early coronal coverage, and coordinating prosthetic rehabilitation in a multidisciplinary manner to preserve structure and function. Clinical and radiographic follow-ups at 6 and 12 months, and annually thereafter, are recommended to document retreatment success. Coordination with periodontics and prosthodontics optimizes definitive rehabilitation.

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Introduction: Teleconsultation is a remote consultation between a practitioner and a patient, allowing the patient to obtain a medical diagnosis remotely from a healthcare professional. The patient may also be assisted by a healthcare professional to provide the doctor with accurate and precise information for diagnosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the communication methods used by dentists in Mali during teleconsultations. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from September to November 2025. The study included dentists registered with the Order of Dentists and up-to-date with their 2025 membership dues. Data were collected through a questionnaire developed using Kobocollect and sent to participants via WhatsApp and/or email. Results: In this study, men were the most represented group at 75.28%, and the most prevalent age groups were under 30 and 31-40, both at 56.73%. Practitioners with less than 10 years of experience were the most represented, accounting for 57.69% of cases. The private sector accounted for the largest share at 73.08%. More than half (68.29%) of participants used telephone calls for teleconsultations, followed by social media applications (59.76%), email (13.41%), and letters and faxes (2.44%). Conclusion: The communication methods used by dentists are consistent with the evolution of new techniques and technologies.

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Tobacco smoking remains one of the most significant risk factors influencing the susceptibility to and progression of periodontal disease, as it adversely affects host immune response and compromises treatment outcomes. Emerging evidence suggests that electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) may exert biological effects on oral tissues comparable to those associated with conventional tobacco smoking. The use of ENDS has risen markedly in recent years, particularly among adolescents and current or former tobacco users. This growing prevalence underscores the urgent need to increase awareness among healthcare professionals and the general population regarding the risks associated with nicotine exposure and its potential impact on oral health. Tobacco use continues to represent a substantial global public health burden. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of tobacco and nicotine-containing products, highlighting their role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and discussing their implications for clinical management.