ABSTRACT
Background: Zambia has seen a decline of maternal mortality rate (MMR) from 213 per 100,000 live births to 183 per 100,000 live births and the infant mortality rate (IMR) from 45 per 1,000 live births to 43 per 1,000 live births (United Nations, 2020). In spite of this, the ministry of health (MoH) has continued advocating for the use of the partograph in preventing negative birth outcomes. Nevertheless, most available research nationally and internationaly show that it is unclear whether there is a relationship between utilisation of the partograph and birth outcomes. Objective: The study aimed at investigating the relationship between utilisation of the partograph and birth outcomes. Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional quantitative study design was used. The systematic random sampling was used to select 183 partographs and convenience sampling was used to select 20 midwives. The materials used were self-administered questionnaire/ partograph checklists, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 and the Chi square test. Results: The study has indicated that use of the partograph in monitoring women in labour has the potential to influence birth outcome which could be appropriate or inappropriate. The cross tabulation showed no correlation between utilisation of the partograph birth outcomes as most partographs with bad utilisation still had a p value of 0.045. Conclusion: There is no relationship between utilisation of the partograph and birth outcomes.

ABSTRACT
Background: The responsibility of case managers is to facilitate and coordinate patient care. Their presence in the implementation of case management is expected to have a beneficial impact. The program is also expected to benefit the hospital in a variety of ways, specifically in terms of patient service management related to more cost-effective services. Objective: This research aims to explore the experience of case managers in carrying out case management at Langsa City General Hospital (RSUD), which has been operational since June 2019. Methods: This research adopted a qualitative design with a descriptive phenomenological approach. From a total of seven individuals on duty, five case managers from the nursing profession were included in the population. The remaining two are medical professionals and refused to participate. Data were collected by conducting interviews, observations, and documentation. Results: The results showed that case managers are still in the honeymoon phase, with their services focused on the collaboration gap and overlapping roles. Conclusion: Almost all case managers feel that their work experience has not been fully implemented in accordance with the work program. They have to adapt to new tasks and receive some training related to the implementation of case management in hospitals.