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Influence of forest fragmentation on tree species diversity in the detached portions of Kakamega forest, Kakamega County, Kenya

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/EASJEHL.2020.v03i04.007
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Forest fragmentation occurs when large continuous forests are perforated by small holes or broken up into edges and smaller patches to form a non-perforated matrix of open spaces. In various tropical developing countries, the twin pressures of poverty and increase in population are resulting in considerable fragmentation of forests, increasing the probability of extermination of many indigenous species. This results to the need of studying the effects of forest fragmentation on tree species richness and to highlight possible remedial actions. The process of habitat loss and fragmentation is widely considered to be one of the primary threats to global biodiversity. Few studies have analysed the effects of special physical dynamics of a fragment such as egde lenthg, area to edge lenth ratio and new fragment area to original size of forest fragments in determining the efects of fragmentation on tree species. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the diverse impacts of fragmentation on forest habitats by intergrationg the relationship between special land dynamics of a fragement to changes in species ricnhess and diversity along the edge in three fragments of Kakamega forest, Kakamega County in Western part of Kenya. We selected three frgments of the forest namely Malava, Kisere and Ikuywa for field sampling and analysis. A total of 20 plots of 0.04 ha each were randomly placed in each of the habitats whereby all trees with DBH ≥10 cm were inventoried in every plot and the average for the fragment calculated. Shannon-Weaner diversity index was used to analyse species diversity. A total of 39 species of trees were recorded from the three fragmnets with Funtumia africana being recorded as the most abundant species. Of the recorded species, 77.78% were common in the three fragments while 5.56%, 11.11%, and 5.56% occurred exclusively to specific fragments Kisere, Ikuywa, and Malava fragments, respectively. The Ikuywa fragment was significantly rich in terms of s

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Lecturer, Dept. of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College & Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh

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