Based on the principles of systematization, independence, comparability, and quantification, combined with the current state of Heilongjiang Province's modern industrial system and its own development characteristics, the index factors that represent the Heilongjiang Province's modern industrial system were selected from a number of indicators, and constructing 5 dimensions and 23 indicators. The index system of this region is evaluated by the improved entropy method and principal component analysis. The weight of each index of Heilongjiang's modern industrial system is obtained by improving the entropy method. Among them, the impact of ecological service is the largest, and the impact of opening to the outside world is the weakest, and the comprehensive score of Heilongjiang's modern industrial system is the highest in 2014; the principal component analysis method The 23 indicators of the modern industrial system of Heilongjiang Province can be transformed into three independent comprehensive indicators, all of which have a characteristic value of> 1 and a cumulative contribution rate of 90.725%, reflecting most of the information of the modern industrial system of Heilongjiang Province. This study has obtained the development status of the modern industrial system of Heilongjiang Province, and can make suggestions for further adjustment or focus on strengthening the modern industrial system of Heilongjiang Province.