Health promotion has now become a major field of reflection and intervention within public health. It reflects a gradual shift from an essentially biomedical conception of health towards a comprehensive approach that takes into account the social, economic, cultural, political and environmental dimensions of health and illness processes. This course offers a sociological perspective on health promotion, considering it not merely as a technical approach to health intervention, but as a social, institutional, political and relational process. In particular, it seeks to understand how material living conditions, social positions, power relations, available resources and collective representations contribute to producing differentiated health outcomes. The course is organised around four complementary areas: the conceptual and ethical foundations of health promotion; the actors involved and institutional dynamics; the social, economic and environmental determinants of health; and, finally, intervention methodologies and strategies. Particular attention is given to empowerment, community participation, health democracy, intersectoral collaboration and action research. The overarching pedagogical aim is to enable students to understand the social mechanisms underlying the production of health inequalities and to develop the critical capacity required to analyse, design and evaluate health promotion policies and interventions.