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Findings of Computed Tomography in Head Injury and Its Correlation with the Glasgow Coma Scale in Sokoto North-Western Nigeria

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36344/ccijmb.2026.v08i04.002
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Background: Head injury means trauma to the head with or without injury to the brain. Its incidence is on the rise in Nigeria owing to the rapid increase in vehicular traffic, interpersonal violence, political unrest, and rise in incidences due to urbanization. Young adults who form the bulk of the work force in any society are the most commonly affected group. Aim and Objectives: To determine the computed tomographic (CT) findings in head injured patients, and to establish the relationship between CT finding and GCS score as the degree of head injury. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was carried out on 231 adult patients with head injury who had cranial CT scan performed following trauma at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto, Nigeria from August 2014 to August 2015. A GE BrightSpeed 4slice spiral CT scanner was used to acquire images. Clinical information included demographic data and GCS. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20. Results: Majority (90%) of head injuries were seen among victims of RTAs, followed by assaulted patients (6.9%). Majority of head injury victims were in age group of 21-30 year. Most (85.3%) of study population were males. Majority (49.3%) of the study population sustained severe head injury (GCS<8), moderate (34.2%) and mild (16.5%). Predominant CT findings included intracranial hemorrhage (34.9%) followed by cerebral edema (28.6%) and midline shift (13.1%). Midline shift of 5mm or more stronglycorrelated with severe head injury (p=0.001). There was a positive correlation between GCS severity and CT findings. Conclusion: RTA constitutes the major predisposing factor for head injury in our environment. Both GCS and CT parameters are complimentary in assessment of head injury victims. MLS of 5 mm or more are good predictors of severe head injury.

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