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Language Use and Language Attitude among Etuno Speakers in Ìgarrà, Akoko-Edo

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easjhcs.2026.v08i03.004
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This study examines the current downward trend that Ẹtunọ is going through with regard to its disuse in various domains of language use and finds out factors that are responsible for this situation and possible attempt to reverse the threatening situation. The data collected using the questionnaire that was personally administered to a total of 300 respondents, randomly selected, was statistically analysed using five domains analysis: Home, Work, School, Market, Religion and Utility domains which are reclassified into High (H) domain and Low (L) domains. Five major languages are considered for possible communicative multilingual use in the contact situation: Ẹtunọ, Yoruba, English, Nigerian Pidgin and Edoid languages. The study also engages focus group sessions and participant observation. Findings show that a number of the respondents indicated that they use English language in certain domains of language use. It is also clear that, the use of Ẹtunọ is still receiving some level of encouragement at home compare to other domains of language use like Market, Church and Social domains. The degree of use of the language in the home domain is a good effort towards language maintenance in Ẹtunọ if this trend is transferred into other domains of use in Ìgarrà and further reinforced, though some level of lexical attrition is observable among the young generation users. The findings also show that Edoid, NPE, English and Mixed pattern recorded a reduction in their mean score from the value that they recorded in the High domain.

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