National integration is the feeling of togetherness and harmony among the people of a country. It denotes the cooperation among people in all respect. It is the base a country’s all-round development. Peace cannot be achieved without integration. No country can survive without national integration. While understanding the very essence of national integration of a country, there is the need to trace out the factors of disintegration. Communalism is such a factor which promotes disrespect, disintegration, aggressiveness in the mind of the people. Communalism provides ground for easy eruption of communal violence. Aggressive communalism provoked them to indulge in communal riots. Communal riots always threaten the unity, integrity, fraternity and security of a nation. It increases bloodshed and destruction and put a stain on the society as the violence, hostility among the communities has been increasing, even the peace, integrity, communal harmony among the communities has been decreasing day by day. Many writers R. Puniyani (2003), B. Rajeshwari (2004), are of the opinion that, communal riots in India are not spontaneous, rather they arise out of communal politics and the conflicting political interests within the political leadership. In this backdrop, the present study is an attempt to comprehend the nature and causes of communalism in India with an overview of its negative forces.