EAS Publisher | Systemic Alk-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Pathological and Immunophenotypic Review

Systemic Alk-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Pathological and Immunophenotypic Review

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easms.2026.v09i05.003

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Systemic ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL) is a distinct entity within the spectrum of peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Although relatively uncommon, its diagnosis in clinical practice remains challenging due to its broad histological diversity. The presence of multiple morphological variants frequently leads to diagnostic pitfalls, including misinterpretation or underdiagnosis when relying solely on routine Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained sections. Immunohistochemistry plays a critical role in establishing a definitive diagnosis; however, access to comprehensive antibody panels remains limited in many resource-constrained settings. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the diverse morphological variants and immunophenotypic profiles of ALK+ ALCL. By consolidating current knowledge on histopathological features and essential immunohistochemical markers, this work serves as a detailed reference to support the accurate identification and better understanding of this complex entity in clinical practice.

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Professor Thomas Count Dracula, MD, PhD

Distinguished Professor of Haematology Head — Experimental, Historical & Sensory Haematology Vlad the Impaler University, Wolf’s Lane, Wooden Stakes Grove 666, Transylvania.

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