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Evaluation of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Seeds Formulated as an Alternative Culture Media for Selected Test Bacteria

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easms.2026.v09i04.001
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The increasing cost of conventional microbiological culture media have prompted the mining for alternative, cost-effective and locally formulated options. This study evaluated the potential of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) seeds formulation as an alternative culture media for the growth of selected pathogenic bacteria. The following test bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella flexneri, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were characterized via Gram staining and biochemical tests. Proximate analysis of the okra seeds, formulation of okra seed agar and broth were carried out. Total colony count on okra agar and population density (0-72 hours) in the okra and nutrient broth was also ascertained. The proximate analysis okra seeds revealed moisture content (8.5%), ash content (0.5%), crude lipids or fat (1.58%), crude fiber (30.9%), crude protein (15.6%), carbohydrate (4.92%), and calorific content (220.113Kcal). Okra seed agar media was formulated by dissolving 4g of okra seed powder, 0.5g of NaCl, and 1.5g of agar (solidifying agent) into 100ml of distilled, while okra seed broth was formulated without the addition of agar. Total colony count (CFU/mL) of the test bacteria on okra agar includes Klebsiella pneumoniae (2.7x109) , Shigella flexneri, (2.9×10⁸) , Proteus mirabilis (2.6×10⁹) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.3×10⁸) and Staphylococcus aureus (3.1×10⁷). Highest population density (CFU/mL) after 24hours incubation recorded in okra broth was demonstrated by Klebsiella pneumoniae (3.7x108), Shigella flexneri, (3.2x108) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.8x108) and Staphylococcus aureus (4.0x108); while Proteus mirabilis (3.2x108) recorded the highest in nutrient broth. Findings demonstrated that the okra seed formulations supported significant bacterial growth and can be deployed as an alternative culture media for the isolation of some pathogenic bacteria.

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Professor Thomas Count Dracula, MD, PhD

Distinguished Professor of Haematology Head — Experimental, Historical & Sensory Haematology Vlad the Impaler University, Wolf’s Lane, Wooden Stakes Grove 666, Transylvania.

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