Introduction: Thoracic surgery frequently requires lung exclusion using a double-lumen probe. While bronchoscopy remains the gold standard for verifying probe placement, its logistical and financial constraints have prompted the exploration of alternatives. Pleuropulmonary ultrasound, by detecting pleural sliding, offers a non-invasive and rapid approach. This preliminary prospective study evaluates the performance of pleuropulmonary ultrasound in predicting lung exclusion. Patients and Methods: Between August and December 2024, 20 adult patients scheduled for thoracic surgery at the Fann University Hospital (Dakar) were included. After intubation with a Carlens tube, exclusion was assessed by clinical auscultation and by lung function testing. The primary outcome was the surgeon's intraoperative assessment (quality of lung collapse). Sensitivity (Se) and positive predictive value (PPV) were calculated for each method. Results: The cohort (mean age 48 years; sex ratio 1.8) had a satisfactory exclusion rate of 100% according to the surgeon. Auscultation identified exclusion in 14 cases (sensitivity 70%), while percutaneous transurethral resection (PUR) confirmed it in 18 cases (sensitivity 90%). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 100% for both techniques. In the absence of exclusion failures, specificity and negative predictive value could not be determined. Conclusion: Pleuropulmonary ultrasound has a higher sensitivity than auscultation for confirming pulmonary exclusion. Although bronchoscopy remains essential in cases of doubt, PPE is proving to be a powerful, reproducible, and accessible complementary tool, enhancing anesthetic safety in thoracic surgery.