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Early Physiotherapy in Critically III Patients and its Association with Clinical Outcomes: A Prospective Observational Study

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easjacc.2026.v08i01.004
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Background: Immobility in the intensive care unit contributes to significant complications, including ICU-acquired weakness (ICUAW), prolonged mechanical ventilation, and extended hospitalization. Early physiotherapy is increasingly adopted to counteract these adverse effects. This study aimed to characterize PT utilization, interventions, and its impact on respiratory, functional, and clinical outcomes in a mixed medical-surgical ICU. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study over nine months in a tertiary care ICU. All adult patients admitted to the ICU were screened. We enrolled 78 consecutive patients who received a formal PT request. Data collected included patient demographics, clinical characteristics, admission diagnoses, timing of PT initiation, specific interventions, and key outcomes. Outcomes were compared between an "Early PT" group (initiated ≤72 hours of admission) and a "Late PT" group (>72 hours). Results: out of 504 patients admitted to the ICU during the study period, 78 (15.5%) received a PT request. The mean age of the cohort was 61±12 years. The mean time to PT request was 48±24 hours. The Early PT group (n=45) demonstrated a significantly higher rate of successful early extubation (within 72 hours of intubation) compared to the Late PT group (n=33) (75.0% vs. 43.8%, p=0.021). The incidence of severe ICUAW (MRC sum score <48) was substantially lower in the Early PT group (17.8% vs. 45.5%, p=0.006). Consequently, the mean ICU length of stay was significantly shorter for patients receiving early PT (8.8±3.1 days vs. 13.0±6.5 days, p=0.001). Conclusion: Early PT intervention in critically ill patients is associated with significant improvements in clinical outcomes, including higher rates of successful early extubation, a marked reduction in the incidence of severe ICUAW, and a shorter ICU length of stay.

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Professor Thomas Count Dracula, MD, PhD

Distinguished Professor of Haematology Head — Experimental, Historical & Sensory Haematology Vlad the Impaler University, Wolf’s Lane, Wooden Stakes Grove 666, Transylvania.

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