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Liraglutide: The Promising Weight Reducing Medication. Review Article

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/EASJPP.2020.v02i01.001
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Worldwide, obesity is a significant concern, affecting approximately one third of the total population. Obesity induces the major metabolic disorders: diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, fatty liver disease, and increases people's risk of stroke and even death. GLP-1 is released after meals, prolongs gastric emptying time, and mediates satiety. Liraglutide, a long-acting GLP-1 agonist, augments insulin release and is originally used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This medication result in weight reduction, and has been approved for the treatment of obesity. Clinical trials have revealed significant reduction in body weight and BMI at a dose of up to 3.0 mg per day. The most common adverse reactions are gastrointestinal, which often subside with time. Safety concerns regarding thyroid tumors and pancreatitis must be carefully considered before using of this agent. Objective: to review the clinical applicability, efficacy, and safety of liraglutide for weight management from phase III clinical trials. Methods: A search of the literatures was performed using terms: “liraglutide”, “GLP-1 agonist”, and “randomized clinical trial”. Articles pertinent to the subject were reviewed and supplementary references known to the authors were included. Results: Ten randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trials of liraglutide for weight reduction were identified. In addition to life-style modification, liraglutide resulted in a 6 - 10% weight reduction compared with placebo. The most common adverse effects were gastrointestinal, early in the treatment course. Comparative data showed that weight loss with liraglutide is more than that observed with orlistat. Liraglutide 1.8 mg had shown to have cardiovascular benefit. Restrictions to clinical use as first‐line medications include GIT side effects, need for injection, and the high cost. Conclusions: Liraglutide induces weight loss in patients with obesity. Its efficacy is comparable to other available drugs, an

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Lecturer, Dept. of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College & Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh

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