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Anti-Snake Venom Activity of the Leaves and Stem Bark Extract of Alstonia Venenata R.Br. By In Vitro and In Vivo Methods in Swiss Albino Mice

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easjpp.2019.v01i06.005
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Objective: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo Anti-snake venom activity in the leaves and stem bark extract of Alstonia venenata R.Br. Method: Powdered leaves and stem bark materials were extracted with ethanol using soxhlet apparatus. The dried extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis and the extracts were evaluated for acute oral toxicity by OECD guideline No 425. By using the MLD of venom the neutralization activity was found out. Acetylcholinesterase activity was performed to determine the percentage of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by the different dilutions of plant extracts. Phospholipase A2 activity was measured using indirect hemolytic assay to determine the reduction of hemolytic halo by the plant extract when comparing with the venom. Fibrinolytic activity was performed to determine the reduction of fibrinolytic halo by the plant extract when comparing with that of venom. In the both activity the MIHD and MFC was determined. In vivo neutralization activity was performed in mice (n=06). The mice were administered with ethanolic extracts of Alstonia venenata R.Br. (200 & 400 mg/kg) through oral 1h prior to administration of 1 to 2 folds of MLD of venom by intraperitoneal route; all the animals were observed for mortality for 24h. Results: Preliminary phytochemical examinations showed the presence of Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Tannins, Acids, Triterpenoids, Proteins and Amino acids, Sterols and Carbohydrates. The acute oral toxicity study results showed that the extract was found to be safe up to 2000mg/kg. The ethanolic extract of dried leaves and stem bark of Alstonia venenata R.Br. (Family: Apocynaceae) was tested for their protective or Anti-venom activity against Naja naja venom induced toxic actions by in vitro and in vivo methods. The 200 and 400mg/kg of EEAV significantly neutralizes the lethality (up to 2 folds) induced by the Naja naja venom in in vitro and in vivo methods.Conclusion: T

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Lecturer, Dept. of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College & Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh

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