Abstract: This study investigates the fast pyrolysis of Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) as a pathway for sustainable bio-oil production in sub-Saharan Africa. Faced with rising energy demands, erratic fuel supply, and environmental challenges, many rural communities require scalable, locally sourced energy solutions. Elephant Grass, a high-yield, low-input perennial crop, offers strong potential as a feedstock for biofuel due to its high cellulose content and adaptability to marginal soils. A fluidized bed pyrolysis system was developed and modeled to process 1000 tonnes of feedstock annually. Process parameters were optimized to maximize oil yield, with a peak of 63 percent achieved at 500 degrees Celsius and a heating rate of 120 degrees per minute. The system integrated internal energy recovery through the combustion of syngas and biochar, covering up to 75 percent of thermal energy demand. Bio-oil was catalytically upgraded using zeolite, improving pH and heating value to near diesel-grade quality. Economic modeling suggests a five to seven-year payback period, with strong potential for rural deployment. Environmental and social benefits include carbon-neutral energy, improved soil fertility through biochar application, and job creation in local communities. The study concludes that fast pyrolysis of Elephant Grass, when properly optimized and localized, can play a significant role in bridging energy access gaps while contributing to climate resilience and rural development.