Self-care of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients undergoing Hemodialysis (HD) at RSUD Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes Kupang has not been carried out optimally by patients. The low self-care of patients has an impact on the quality of life of patients which includes the domains of physical health, psychological, social relationships, and low spiritual environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a social support-based self-care model to improve the quality of life of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients receiving Hemodialysis (HD). The research method used was an explanatory study to develop the model. The Phase I sample consisted of 115 patients, while Phase II involved 17 informants (patients, patients' families, health workers, religious leaders, and community leaders). Research variables include Basic Conditioning Factor (BCF), social support, care agency, self-care agency, self-care needs, self-efficacy, self-care management, and quality of life of CKD patients. The model development process was also supported by qualitative data obtained from Phase II through Focus Group Discussions. The results showed that the social support-based self-care model sourced from family, health workers, religious leaders, and community leaders can improve the quality of life of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients with Hemodialysis (HD) indirectly through self-efficacy variables. Therefore, it can be concluded that self-efficacy is very important in providing support and motivation to patients through their families and partners so that they can improve the quality of life of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.