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Assessment of Irrigation Water Quality Status in Dry Season Wheat Production in Selected Districts of West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36344/ccijavs.2024.v06i04.002
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Soil salinity problem is predominantly severe in developing countries, particularly in arid and semiarid regions, resulting in short-term damage to people's livelihoods and long-term repercussions on the country's food security. It is also a major challenge in Ethiopia and west Hararghe in particular where small-scale irrigated agriculture is practiced. Against this backdrop, this study was conducted to assess irrigation water quality in dry season wheat production in Dhungeta, Hule Mandhera, and Kinteri irrigation sites in west Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia. Based on an in-situ field survey, 9 composite irrigation water samples were collected by mixing several sub-samples. The mean water pH at Dhungeta (7.00), Hule Mandhera (7.94), and Kinteri (7.45) fields were grouped in the normal range for irrigation water. The salinity hazard of irrigation water at Dhungeta was medium (0.67 dSm-1), Hule Mandhera high (1.03 dSm-1) and Kinteri (0.99 dSm-1). The total mean of dissolved salt showed water has no restriction for use at Kinteri (153.6 mg L-1) and Dhungeta (426.67 mg L-1) while slight to moderate restriction of water for use was recorded at Hule Mandhera (708.27 mg L-1). The sodicity (alkalinity) hazard class of irrigation water was S1 (low sodium hazard). The mean of residual sodium carbonate was a marginal hazard at Hule Mandhera and safe at Dhungeta and Kinteri. Based on the permeability index, magnesium hazard water was found to be suitable for irrigation. Kelley’s index, Percentage sodium (Na+ %), and potential salinity specified that Hule Mandhera water is unsuitable whereas Dhungeta and Kinteri water were suitable for irrigation. Irrigation water is grouped as a low restriction (70-85) based on the irrigation water quality index. Generally, there is a prospect to decide that the irrigation water quality of the study sites is suitable for wheat production.

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Dr. Afroza Begum

Lecturer, Dept. of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College & Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh

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