Recently, the acceleration of globalization processes on a global scale-the issue of interethnic relations and tolerance is becoming an important factor not only in the country but also in the world-peace and harmony, universal unity and stability. The article, based on this relevance of the issue, highlights in detail the increase of tolerance at the political level, its legal basis, the strategic importance in the development of our country of the principles of good neighborliness, interethnic harmony, religious tolerance, humanism. According to the data, a hundred years before, about 70 nationalities lived on the territory of our Republic. After 30 years, this figure reached 91, in 1959-113, in 1979-132. According to the latest census figures, it now shows that it has reached 136. Recognition of political and legal equality of citizens of society, Nations as a whole, ensuring stability between them is the basis of the system of statehood. After all, political tolerance is one of the most important directions of any state. Only the state, in which each person can form the ideas of tolerance in his mind and heart, unites people regardless of their nationality, religion, social origin and acts as an organized social force.