Summary: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is an obstruction of the lumen of the pylorus by muscular hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter fg [1]. It is a rare disease in Africa: a recent publication in Tanzania reported 102 cases in 5 years [10]. Currently the diagnosis is based on abdominal ultrasound and the treatment is surgical. It affects 2 or 3 children out of 1000 and is more common in boys with a ratio of [4]. It occurs between 3 and 6 weeks of life and rarely after 12 weeks. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective study from January 2018 to December 2021 using patient records in the pediatric surgery department of the Fousseyni Daou hospital in Kayes. Results: During the study period we had performed 3260 consultations and we had performed 975 surgical interventions in patients hospitalized in the pediatric surgery department. 8 cases of hypertrophy of the pylorus were operated on, i.e. 0.82% of the operations, including 6 boys and 2 girls. The weight of the patients was between 2kg800 and 3kg500. The age of our patients varied between 05 days and 37 days of life 3 patients had been referred to us by the malnutrition unit of our pediatrics department. The hemoglobin level and the rhesus group had been carried out in all the patients and a moderate anemia had been detected in 3 patients. The ionogram had been performed in only 3 of the patients. Ultrasound confirmed the diagnosis of pyloric hypertrophy in all patients. A pyloromyotomy was performed in all patients with uncomplicated consequences. Conclusion: Pyloric hypertrophy is a rare pathology in our region (Kayes), the diagnosis is ultrasound and the treatment remains surgical.