Mastitis which is the inflammation of the mammary gland of mammals with changes in milk due to chemical, physical and bacteriological injuries results in reduction in milk yield and composition. The aim of this study was to assess by a systematic review of published data the occurrence of coliform bacteria in bovine mastitis in Africa from 2000 to 2017 and to investigate the risk factors associated with coliform mastitisThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) procedure was used in the study. The Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, Research type (SPIDER) tool was chosen and modified to establish the research question. Six databases were searched in this study viz., Science Direct, Cochrane Library-central, Medline, Google Scholar, PsycINFO and Open Grey (a grey literature). Studies were critically analyzed and assessed using the Crowe critical appraisal Tool (CCAT). The search strategy generated 121 articles out of which 14 were selected for quality assessment and data extraction. Major findings indicated that the prevalence of coliforms associated with bovine mastitis ranged from as low as 0.4% to as high as 87.5%. However, the most dominant pathogen associated with bovine mastitis was Staphylococcus aureus with a prevalence of ranging from 20.6 – 54.4%. Data generated from the reviewed articles showed age, parity number, lactation stage, and general management system of various farms as the most important factors that influence the development of bovine coliform mastitis in Africa.