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Incidence of Contrast Induced Nephropathy in Diabetes Mellitus Patients Undergoing Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easms.2021.v04i11.008
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Introduction: Iodinated contrast media are being used increasingly for therapeutic and diagnostic procedures intravenous and intraarterially. This has led to the increased incidence impairment of renal function after the administration of contrast media especially in high risk population. The concept of CIN was first described during the 1950s by Bartel et al. [1]. Treatment of Contrast induced Nephropathy is mainly supportive, consisting of careful fluid and electrolyte management, although dialysis may be required in some cases. The limitation in the available treatment options makes prevention and early diagnosis the cornerstone of management. Methods: All the patients above 18 yrs. of age are planned for CECT and willing to participate in the study are selected. Total of 200 patients are selected. After taking informed consent. Selected patients underwent CECT with intravenous contrast. Similar contrast media was used in all patients i.e., LOCM (Iohexol)/ Volume used was 1.5ml/Kg body weight. All routine blood parameters were sent including pre procedure BUN, serum creatinine. After CECT, patients were followed up with repeat blood sample for BUN, serum creatinine on day 3rd/ day 5th to assess any rise of Serum creatinine > 0.5mg/dl. Result: Total of 31 of 200 patients was diabetic. Of these 7 developed CIN. In our study, 32% of CIN+ positive patients had diabetes. Diabetes was significantly associated with incidence of CIN (P=0.004). Conclusion: Contrast induced nephropathy is more in patients with co morbidities and especially diabetes mellitus. As diabetes mellitus is already a leading cause of nephropathy, contrast in such patients make the picture even worse and lead to nephropathy in a larger portion of people.

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Dr. Afroza Begum

Lecturer, Dept. of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College & Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh

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