Chronic kidney disease is a common disease worldwide and a leading cause of global death. It is defined as the presence of kidney damage or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73 mt2, persisting for 3 months or more, irrespective of the cause. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the main risk factors. It is a slowly progressive disease and may lead to an end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis or kidney transplant. It is associated with increased mortality, primarily due to co-morbid cardiovascular disease. CKD can be prevented in many cases. Management includes regular monitoring, control of hypertension, cardiovascular risk reduction, treatment of albuminuria, avoidance of potential nephrotoxins, adjustments in fluid and salt intake, and adequate drug dosing. Several complications such as hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, and anemia may occur. Patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease are 10 times more likely to die of cardiovascular diseases than the general population. A decline in GFR of <15 is usually an indication for dialysis. Dialysis-dependent patients are at an even higher risk of dying from cardiovascular complications. The average life expectancy on dialysis is 5-10 years. Kidney transplantation is considered the gold standard treatment in patients affected by end-stage renal disease. It significantly improves the quality of life compared to dialysis. It also improves survival and long-term outcomes in these patients. All patients with CKD with a glomerular filtration rate < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2, and who are expected to reach end-stage kidney disease should be considered for potential future renal transplantation. CKD can be modified by major lifestyle behaviors, which include smoking, alcohol intake, body weight, diet, and exercise. This manuscript discusses the impact of these day-to-day behaviors on CKD.