Western Sudan has occupied an important and high position among the regions of the old cities of Sudan. It covered before and after the advent of Islam, a wider range of land, and was known for its national and humanitarian values. Apart from the negroes, who were the first settler, the region was inhabited by various tribes and ethnicities. The region was so famous to the ancient Arab travelers like Al-Bakri, IbnBatuta, Ibnkhaldun, Galqashandi, and the likes, to the extent that they gave the name "The cities of Sudan" to all the cities and regions of West Africa, such as they also called "River Niger", The "Nile of Sudan". The region assumed the first position among the regions of the ancient Sudan, because of its cool natural phenomenon, precious Gold mines, and profit-yielding commercial centers. All these made it news spread to the Arabs and others and has also resulted in their mass troops to the region from every quater, in order to take their benefits, without considering its natural hurdle that manifested in the great Sahara desert. The researcher intend in this paper to portray the relationship between Western and northern Sudan by giving the reader a clear picture of that relationship concerning cultural, social, economical, and political aspects of life. The researcher will confine the discussion into economics and politics, hence this paper is divided into two sub-topics: (i) The concept of the term "Western Sudan" (ii) Economical and political relationship between Western Sudan and North Africa.