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Individual Characteristics of Artisan Gold Miners and Their Savings Habits in Rural Zimbabwe: Case of Umzingwane District

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easjebm.2021.v04i09.002
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The aim of the study was to evaluate the individual characteristics of artisan gold miners and their savings habits in rural Zimbabwe using Umzingwane district as a case study. The study used questionnaires to gather data from 350 artisan gold miners with operations in ward 3, 14 and 20 of Umzingwane district. Purposive sampling technique was adopted. The study revealed that although artisan gold mining in Umzingwane district is dominated by men, women also practice artisan gold mining. The study found that the many artisan gold miners in Umzingwane district have no formal bank accounts and were relying on informal savings methods such as Rotating Saving and Credit Schemes (ROSCAs) and savings from homes .The study revealed that factors such as training and education on savings, diversified sources of income, age of an artisan miner and substance use had no significant impact on savings by artisan gold miners. Income levels of artisan gold miners were found to have a positive impact on savings. Number of dependents, level of education and independent financial decisions among artisan gold miners had a negative impact on savings .The study recommends that artisan gold miners should be encouraged to join savings groups such as Internal Savings and Lending Schemes and be connected with formal banking services. Artisan gold miners should also diversify their sources of income so as to have multiple income sources which will foster their resilience to financial shocks.

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