To evaluate the impact of human-induced disturbances on the biodiversity of the Bafut-Ngemba Forest Reserve, data on tree species, the identity and number of plants per species were collected from an undisturbed and a disturbed forest fragment using transects. A total of 78 individual trees of 20 species belonging to 17 families were recorded. The undisturbed site had 72.22% of the tree species and 70.51% of individual trees. The most common tree species were Eucalyptus grandis, Pinus wallichiana, and Persea americana while Rosaceae and Fabaceae were the dominant families. Eucalyptus grandis, which was the most abundant tree species with a relative density of 12.82%, was found exclusively in the disturbed fragment. Fifty-five percent (55%) of the tree species were categorized as either rare (1.00 ≤ Relative Density ≤ 2.99) or occasional (3.00 ≤ Relative Density ≤ 3.99). Margalef species richness index was 9.04 for the undisturbed site and 5.74 for the disturbed. While Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 2.65 and 1.13 for the respective sites, Sørensen’s similarity coefficient indicates that the two fragments were only 20.69 % similar. It is hoped that the findings will prompt forest managers and decision makers to put in place mitigating measures and safeguards against a decline in flora of the ecosystem under imminent challenges associated with an expected increase in human population.