Abstract: Dissemination and adoption of improved agricultural technologies is an important factor towards improved agricultural production. Agricultural extension services are either provided through public extension or private extension service. The study objective was to compare the effectiveness of both project and conventional extension approaches on levels of maize production among small-scale farmers in Seme Sub-County, Kisumu County. An Ex post facto study design and purposive random sampling technique was used. The sample size of 180 small-scale maize farmers were interviewed using structured questionnaire. The levels of maize production was operationalised as the dependent variable while selected agricultural extension approaches were the main independent variables. Moderator variables were selected socio-economic factors including gender, household size, age, household income, farm size and level of education. Descriptive statistic was used and inferential analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 20 software. The beneficiaries of project extension approach realised better levels of maize production in terms of yields as compared to beneficiaries of conventional extension approach as findings showed statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between the approaches. From the findings it is recommended that there is a need to support dissemination of selected maize production technologies through project extension approach as an alternative extension approach to conventional extension approach in the study area and beyond.