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Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in the Fruiting Bodies of Four Edible Mushrooms Collected From Polluted Areas in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/easjnfs.2020.v02i01.002
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The present study investigated the concentrations of some heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd, Fe and Ni) in the cap and stipe of four edible species of mushroom (Lentinus squarrosulus, Volvariella volvacea, Psathyrella candolleana and Termitomyces mammiformis). Mushroom samples were collected from two polluted areas (Ondo road and Oda road) in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. These areas are prone to high vehicular and other anthropogenic activities. The mushrooms were sun dried, separated into cap and stipe and analysed for the heavy metals using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. All element concentrations were determined on dry weight basis. The results showed that there was a variation in the concentration of heavy metals in different edible mushroom species analysed. Results revealed variations in the distribution of the metals in the cap and stipe of the mushroom species. In the cap of the mushrooms, the highest concentration (mg/kg) of Cu (797.34), Cd (34.92) and Ni (54.88) were obtained in P. candolleana while Cr (94.98) and Fe (1267.36) concentrations were highest in T. mammiformis. Highest lead concentrations (14.98) were obtained in L. squarrosulus and P. candolleana. In the stipe of the mushrooms, the highest concentrations (mg/kg) of Cu (753.79), Cr (94.89), Cd (29.96) and Ni (49.92) were obtained in L. squarrosulus while the concentrations of Pb (12.50) and Fe (1308.43) were highest in P. candolleana. Generally, the values obtained for the heavy metals exceeded the recommended limits for human consumption. Vehicular and other anthropogenic activities in the study areas could be the most likely sources of the contamination. Hence, consumption of mushrooms from such areas poses risks to human health.

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Dr. Afroza Begum

Lecturer, Dept. of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College & Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh

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