The outskirt of the city of Yaoundé is heavily involved in agriculture which supplies the city's markets and populations with consumer agricultural products. This is the case of the eastern outskirts of Yaoundé, which is evolving under the influence of rapid and uncontrolled urban growth influencing agricultural practices. In order to verify this hypothesis, this article aims to show the evolution of the city of Yaoundé towards its eastern periphery, particularly in the subdivision of Nkol-Afamba; to analyze the impact of urban growth on agriculture and to bring out constructive solutions for sustainable agriculture in this peripheral area. The processing of satellite images from 2001 and 2018 shows how the build-up area increase from 1 637 ha to 3 125 ha within 17 years and the administration of a questionnaire to agricultural producers in Nkol-Afamba reveals that agricultural activity in the eastern periphery of Yaoundé is largely threatened by spontaneous and rapid construction, which has created problems such as land instability, the development of cultivable land toward the proliferation of development projects, the establishment of economic and industrial activities and the insufficiency of agricultural labor materialized by rural exodus of the youthful age group and the aging of the producers who are for the majority aged between 51 and 60 years. These problems entail risks of agricultural activity influencing both the yield and the quality of products. To this end, it is more than necessary to put on socio-political strategies benefic for a sustainable development of urban and agricultural spaces.