Abstract: A survey was conducted in the localities of Lara, Boboyo and Midjivin, subdivision of Kaele, Division of Mayo-Kani, Far North Region, to determine the impact of the exploitation of mountain resources on the dynamics of their vegetation and sustainable peasant management of the phytodiversity of these hills. Interviews were conducted with 600 people including farmers, forest and wildlife managers, and environment and nature protection officers. The spatio-temporal dynamics of the landscapes around the mountain vegetation were studied from the diachronic analysis of three Landsat TM satellite images of 1988, Landsat ETM + 2003 and Landsat OLI_TIRS of 2018, supplemented by verification missions on field. According to surveys, it should be noted that fuel wood collection for energy with 38.5% in Lara, 35.5% in Midjivin and 33.5% in Boboyo; timber (34.67%), fruit (15.50%) and gravel (13.50%) were the main anthropogenic activities responsible for deforestation and degradation of the mountains vegetation. For biodiversity management measures, 41.16% of the population advocates the use of natural resources. The most population 44% in Boboyo, 40% in Lara and 39.5% in Midjivin recommend the creation of sacred forests for conservation of biodiversity, monitoring awareness of the population and sustainable exploitation of natural resources. The most used vegetable species as wood energy are Combretum collinum (80.82 ± 6.80), Terminalia brownii (73.59 ± 12.82), Anogeisus leiocarpus (59.79 ± 0.97), Combretum glutinosum (58.44 ± 2.10), Ficus abutilifolia (42.60 ± 2.37). The analysis of landsat satellite land-use images demonstrates and appropriately confirms the decline in vegetation cover over the years. The wooded savanna increases from 232,025 ha in 1988 to 232.025 ha in 2003 and to 170.4 ha in 2018 on Lara hill; from 101.33 ha in 1988 to 59.50 ha in 2003 and 25.44 ha in 2018 on Boboyo Hill; the wooded savannah rose from 210.00 ha in 1988 to 148.61 ha in 2003 and 125.