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Cardiometabolic Disease Comorbidities among Older Adults and the Elderly in a Sub-Urban Occupational Setting in Ogun State, Nigeria

DOI : https://doi.org/10.36349/EASJMS.2020.v02i05.003
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Background: Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) mainly hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, are on the rapid rise globally, with developing countries lagging behind in prevention efforts among high risk groups. We aimed at assessing pattern of CMD comorbidities among occupationally active older adults and the elderly, in a sub-urban setting in South West Nigeria. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among staff of Babcock University and Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ogun State, Nigeria. Total enumeration of all staff that were 50 years or older was done, with conduction of their medical screening. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain data, with analysis done using SPSS 21.0. Result: Data was obtained from sixty-eight (68) subjects with mean age of 62.2 ± 5.4 years. Approximately two-thirds (44, 64.7%) were at least 60 years old, while one-third (22, 32.4%) were academic staff. Mean BMI was 28.6% ± 4.5 kg/m2, and most subjects (57.4%) were overweight. Approximately half of subjects (48.5%) had prediabetes (32.4%) or diabetes (16.2%). Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome, were found in 36.8%, 44.1%, and 13.2%, respectively. Forty-two subjects (61.8%) had one (15, 22.1%) or two (27, 39.7%) morbidities, while twenty six (38.2%) had at least three comorbidities. Among subjects with at least three comorbidities, hypertension, dysglycemia, and abnormal weight (34.6%) was the common comorbid combination. Significantly higher proportion of academic staff were diabetic, while non-academic staff were prediabetic (p=0.01). Conclusion: There is high prevalence of multiple cardiometabolic diseases comorbidities among older adults in an occupational setting. Abnormal weight was the most common factor found alongside other comorbidities, with diabetes and prediabetes being commoner among academic and non-academic staff, respectively. There is need to redouble our efforts towards practice of lifestyle modifications, especially among these higher

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Lecturer, Dept. of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College & Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh

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