ABSTRACT
The present study was aimed at studying the perceived occupational stress among male and female teachers working in +2 private schools with special reference to Darbhanga district, India. It is undoubtedly fact that in recent years our private educator’s organizations and other groups have sought to improve the public image of the teaching occupation so as to attract more people in to the occupation. Hence, the present piece of research work is of immense value on the problem mentioned above. For the present investigation, total sample consisted of one hundred sixty (N=160) comprising male (n=80) and female (n=80) teachers working in +2 Private Schools were randomly selected from different private schools of Darbhanga district. Data were collected through questionnaire schedules on the sample. Having obtained the data on the items of the schedules, individual scores were summed up and tabulated according to procedure of the scales for giving statistical treatment. Results indicated the fact that there is a significant difference between male and female teachers working in +2 private Schools of Darbhanga district in their degree of perceived reactions on occupational stress as t-value has been found statistically significant at .05 but all the teachers reported more or less moderate level of occupational stress. On the other hand, no significant difference has been found between the groups of males and females in terms of their degree of the dimensions of occupational stress, viz. unreasonable groups and political pressures, under participation, intrinsic impoverishment, low status, and unprofitability. although few dimensions of occupational stress out of twelve dimensions viz., role overload, role ambiguity, responsibility for persons, poor peer relations and strenuous working conditions have been found as the predictors between male and female teachers as these dimensions has been found statistically significant at .01 and ,05 level of confidence although both ...

ABSTRACT
The mental health of nursing students is increasingly recognized as a critical issue, particularly given the high demands of their educational and clinical training. This study evaluates the prevalence and severity of stress among 94 nursing students, revealing a significant incidence of stress with potentially serious implications for health. According to the World Health Organization, optimal mental health enables individuals to manage life’s normal stresses and contribute positively to their communities. However, when stress becomes pathological, it can severely impact life balance and health, leading to conditions such as anxiety and depression. Our findings show that 38.3% of nursing students experience stress, with 61.7% exhibiting symptoms of stress and 35.1% facing mild pathological stress. Notably, severe pathological stress necessitating medical intervention was observed in 3.2% of the cohort. The average stress score was 21.2 ± 4.4, indicating a substantial risk of stress progression from normal to mild pathological levels. Demographic analysis revealed no significant differences in stress prevalence based on gender, age, or ethnicity. Living arrangements and economic status did not significantly influence stress rates. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to mitigate stress and its detrimental effects on nursing students, potentially enhancing their educational outcomes and long-term mental health.

ABSTRACT
The psychological impact of sexual harassment on employees is profound and multifaceted, encompassing a range of emotional, mental, and physical consequences. Understanding and addressing these psychological effects through supportive organizational practices, psychological interventions, and legal mechanisms are essential in creating a safe and respectful workplace environment for all employees. Organizational psychology plays a vital role in addressing sexual misconduct in the workplace by providing insights into organizational culture, policy development, training effectiveness, reporting mechanisms, and psychological factors that influence behaviors. By leveraging the principles of organizational psychology, organizations can create a safe, respectful, and inclusive work environment that prevents and effectively addresses instances of sexual misconduct. The effectiveness of psychological interventions in harassment cases is a crucial aspect of creating a safe and inclusive work environment. By implementing evidence-based strategies and interventions, organizations can effectively prevent and address workplace harassment, including bullying, violence, and sexual harassment. Psychological interventions play a significant role in promoting psychological well-being, reducing instances of harassment, and fostering a culture of respect and inclusivity in the workplace. Implementing psychological strategies to prevent workplace sexual harassment necessitates a multifaceted approach that combines awareness-raising, training, bystander intervention, and targeted interventions to address organizational antecedents. By integrating psychological insights into prevention efforts, organizations can create a culture of respect, safety, and equality that promotes employee well-being and organizational success. Organizations need to prioritize psychological safety, provide training and support for employees, and establish clear policies and procedures to address harassment .....

ABSTRACT
The level of marital stability among members of a given community is important in determining the future generations of that community. This study investigated the levels of marital stability among couples in selected parishes in the Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi (CAN), Kenya. The study was guided by the Emotion Focused Theory and employed concurrent convergent mixed methods research design. The study targeted a population of 19,828 Catholic faithful in the research area, who have exchanged their marital vows therein within the last 5 to 25 years. From these, sample of 784 married men and women were selected by multistage sampling thus census, proportionate quota and simple random sampling techniques. Data was collected using the marital Stability Questionnaire, whose resultant data was analyzed descriptively using frequency counts and percentages. Findings indicated that the marital stability of respondents in the research area was in three levels thus low, moderate and high. The study recommends that the office of the attorney general should formulate policy to ensure all newly married couples are sensitized on various aspects of marital stability before issuing them with marriage certificates.

ABSTRACT
A stable marriage is crucial for establishment of a prosperous community, but this depends on psychological well-being of the couples. This study investigated the levels of psychological well-being among couples in selected parishes in the Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi (CAN), Kenya. The study was guided by Adlerian Theory and employed concurrent convergent mixed methods research design. The target population was 19,828 Catholic faithful, who have exchanged their marital vows in CAN within the last 5 to 25 years. A sample of 784 married men and women were selected by multistage sampling and used as respondents. The psychological well-being questionnaire was used to collect data, which were analyzed descriptively using frequency counts and percentages. Findings revealed that psychological well-being of the married couples was in three levels thus low, moderate and high. It is recommended that policy should be made by the government of Kenya through the office of the Attorney general by formulating a legal framework to ensure all newly married couples are trained on various aspects of psychological well-being so as to ensure stable marriage.

ABSTRACT
This study examine the comparability of item statistics generated from the frameworks of classical test theory (CTT) and 2-parameter model of item response theory (IRT). A 40-item Physics Achievement Test was developed and administered to 600 senior secondary school two students, who were randomly selected from 12 senior secondary schools in Taraba State, Nigeria. Results showed that item statistics obtained from both frameworks were relatively similar. However, item statistics obtained from IRT 2-parameter model looked balanced than those from CTT. In addition, for item selection process, IRT 2-parameter model retained more items than CTT model. This result implies that test developers and public examining bodies should integrate IRT model into their test development processes. Through IRT model, test constructors would be able to generate stable items than in the CTT model used at present and at the end, the test scores of examinees will be more reliably estimated.

ABSTRACT
This paper is based on a literature review on caregiver burden, quality of life family caregivers, and how to improve the quality of life of family caregivers for the person with mental illness. Studies have shown that caregivers of people with mental illness experience an enormous burden while providing care for their relatives with mental illness. This burden often leads to psychological distress and a high prevalence of psychological morbidity among family caregivers. Various factors influence the burden experienced by caregivers of individuals with mental illness. Studies have identified several key factors that contribute to caregiver burden, shedding light on the complex interplay of elements that impact the well-being of caregivers. To maintain and improve the quality of life the prevention and treatment of caregiver burden for persons with mental illness can be addressed through various strategies and interventions.